Lecture 23- Female Reproductive System

What do fimbriae do

help catch and guide the egg into the fallopian tube

What type of cells line the fallopian tubes to move the egg

Ciliated epithelial cells

What is the main function of the ovaries

to produce oocytes and secrete hormones like estrogen and progesterone

When does meiosis 1 complete in oogenesis

just before ovulation during each menstrual cycle

What event triggers the LH surge

rising estrogen levels from the dominant follile

What structure forms after ovulation from the ruptured follicle

Corpus luteum

What does the corpus luteum secrete

estrogen and progesterone

What marks the start of the menstrual cycle

the first day of menstrual bleeding (menses)

What hormone maintains the uterine lining during the luteal phase

progesterone

What happens to endometrium if fertilization doesn’t occur

it breaks down and sheds during menstruation

What is menopause

cessation of ovulation and menstruation

Why does menopause increase the risk of osteoporosis

estrogen helps maintain bone density, and its levels drop after menopause

Polar bodies

small cells that form during meiosis and degenerates; they do not participate in fertilization

Ootid

matures into ovum

Ovum

mature egg cell capable of being fertilized

Zygote

Cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an ovum

Oogonia

Precursor cells that give rise to primary oocytes

Primary Oocyte

Immature egg cells arrested in Meiosis 1 at birth

Secondary Oocyte

Cell released at ovulation; paused in meiosis 2