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ap government
Which of the following states has the greatest protection for freedom of the press based on the information on the map?
New York (NY)
WHich of the following statements is best supported by the information on the map?
SOme states prioritze freedom of the press over criminal prosecutions
Based on the map and your knowledge, which of the following is a major difference between the issues of shield laws and the issue of prior restraint?
The Supreme Court has ruled that the first amendment protects against prior restraint by the government. However, protections for journalists and their sources are not as strong as evidenced by the many states with weak or no shield laws.
Which of the following is used as evidence to support the author's argument?
Historical records show that the second amendment was supposed to protect the right of individuals to own a gun and not just for the purpose of supporting militias.
Which of the following best characterizes the debate regarding the second amendment according to the author of the passage?
The second amendment is viewed by some as an individual rights issue, but by others as a states' rights issue.
The author cites the case District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) in order to
Illustrate that the Supreme Court's interpretation of the second amendment has recently changed.
Which of the following legislative acts best relates to the passage?
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
The text in the passage likely inspired Congress to act based on which of the following clauses of the United States Constitution?
The Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment
Which of the following explains the most significant long-term consequence of the ideas expressed in the passage?
B. The value of "All men are created equal" was reaffirmed both in law and in American political culture.
The police search a suspect's smartphone without getting a warrant and found photo evidence of criminal activity. After a thorough investigation, the suspect was charged and the evidence obtained from the smartphone was used in the trial. Which of the following amendments contains the Bill of Rights protections that were most likely violated in this scenario?
B. The Fourth Amendment
Students at a public university hold a peaceful protest to demonstrate against an increase in the cost of college tuition. Which of the following constitutional protections best applies to this scenario?
A. The First Amendment
A person accused of a crime cannot afford an attorney, so the state provides the accused with a public defender. Which of the following amendments in the Bill of Rights best applies in this scenario?
C. The sixth amendment
Which of the following cases arose from state law that mandates public schools to begin the school day with the reading of a non-denominational prayer by school officials?
Engel V Vitale
In Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972), how did the SCOTUS decision address state interest in individual rights?
D. It balanced the states' interest in compulsory education with the students' free exercise rights.
Which of the following cases addresses the issue of mandatory public school prayer?
Engel V Vitale
Which of the following is a doctrine based on the 14th Amendment of the constitution that was used in McDonald V Chicago (2010) to limit the power of states and protect the right to keep and bear arms?
D. Selective incorporation
In McDonald V Chicago (2010) the court ruled that the 2nd amendment right to bear arms was applicable to the states?
D. The doctrine of selective incorporation through the 14th Amendment holding that state action limiting gun rights deprived persons of "life, liberty or property without due process of law"
Which of the following parts of the US Constitution is incorporated to the states based on the ruling of McDonald V Chicago (2010)?
D. The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.
Which of the following cases involves a state law that prevents women who are pregnant from seeking abortions?
D. Roe V Wade (1973)
In Roe V Wade (1973) The US SUpreme Court used what provision of the US Consitution to extend the right to privacy to women seekiung abortions?
B. The DUe process clause of the 14th amendment
Under Roe v. Wade (1973), as originally decided, when may the state largely prohibit women from having abortions?
C. The states interest in prohibiting abortions is greatest during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy; thus, the states may prohibit women from seeking abortion in some conditions.
In Brown V Board of Education of Topeka (1954), the Supreme Court reached the following conclusion: "In the field of public education the doctrine of Separate but Equal has no place. Separate education facililites are inherently unequal, therefore we hold that the plaintiffs and others similarly situated for whom the actions have been brought are, by a reason of the segregation complained of, deprived of the protection of the 14th amendment.
C. Equal Protection of the Laws and Due Process
In Brown V Board of Education Topeka (1954), the Supreme COurt struck down racial segreegation in public schools, finding that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. What consitituional clause did the court rely most heavily on to reach this decision?
C. equal protection clause
The SCOTUS reviewed state mandated racial segregration in public schools. The court stated that the separate schools "involved have been equalized or are being equalized with respect to buildings, curricula, qualifications and salaries of teachers and other "tangible factors" our decision therefore cannot turn on merely a comparison of these tangible factors [among the] schools involved in each of the cases. We must look instead to the effect of segregation itself on public education." Which of the following rules of clauses did SCOTUS use to address the issue of segregation in public schools?
D. The 14th amendment's equal protection clause in BRown V Board of Education
In the case Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States (1964), the Supreme Court ruled that Congress had the power under the commerce clause to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Which of the following explains how this case is similar to Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) ?
B. Both cases upheld the power of federal government to insure equal protection under the law.
The case of "Plessy v. Ferguson" (1896), the upheld the standard of separate but equal in American law. Which of the following explains how this case relates to Brown V Board?
A. Plessy established a precedent that was eventually overturned in the BRown case
Housing covenants are agreements in the deed of a property that restricts the owner from doing certain things with the property. Some covenants prevented owners from selling to individuals of a specific race or ethnic group. In the case Shelley v. Kraemer (1948), the Supreme Court struck down racially restrictive housing covenants under the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Which of the following cases is most similar to Shelley v. Kraemer (1948) ?
C. Roe V Wade
Which of the following is an example of affirmative action?
D. The state of Virginia awards an infrastructure contract to the company with the lowest bid.
Writing for the court in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978), a case weighing whether or not race can be considered in college admissions, Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell wrote that " . . . Race or ethnic background may be deemed a 'plus' in a particular applicant's file, yet it does not insulate the individual from comparison with all other candidates for the available seats."
Which of the following legal concepts is Justice Powell considering in his statement?
D. Equal Protection Clause
Which of the following scenarios is an example of a constitutional application of affirmative action?
A federal contractor actively recruits qualified minorities and women for positions in the company.
Note 
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