Nomenclature of Organic Compounds and Isomerism

Flashcards for reviewing the nomenclature of organic compounds and concepts of isomerism.

Alkane

A saturated hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n+2.

Alkene

An unsaturated hydrocarbon with at least one double bond and formula CnH2n.

Alkyne

An unsaturated hydrocarbon with at least one triple bond and formula CnH2n-2.

Word Root for C1

Meth.

Word Root for C2

Eth.

IUPAC name of C4H10

Butane.

Main Chain

The longest chain of carbon atoms in a compound.

Alkyl Group

A substituent derived from an alkane by removing one hydrogen atom.

Naming Convention

Includes position number of branch + hyphen + name of alkyl group + word root + suffix.

IUPAC Name example

2-Methylpentane is derived from a 5 carbon chain (Pent) with a methyl branch at position 2.

Di

Prefix used for indicating two identical branches in a carbon chain.

Tri

Prefix used for indicating three identical branches.

2,4-Dimethylhexane

IUPAC name for a hexane with two methyl groups at positions 2 and 4.

3,3-Dimethylpentane

IUPAC name for a pentane with two methyl groups on the same carbon atom.

3,3-Diethylhexane

A hexane with two ethyl branches on the same carbon atom.