US History Regents Exam Review with pictures (36)

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Last updated 8:33 PM on 5/18/26
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36 Terms

1
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self-government or representative government

Mayflower Compact, Virginia House of Burgesses, and New England Town Hall Meetings

<p>Mayflower Compact, Virginia House of Burgesses, and New England Town Hall Meetings</p>
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Proclamation Line of 1763

established the Appalachian Mountains as the western boundary of the British colonies that would become the USA

<p>established the Appalachian Mountains as the western boundary of the British colonies that would become the USA</p>
3
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checks and balances

each branch of government has power over other branches; examples include veto, impeachment, judicial review

<p>each branch of government has power over other branches; examples include veto, impeachment, judicial review</p>
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electoral college

presidential election decided by states; president can be elected without popular majority

<p>presidential election decided by states; president can be elected without popular majority</p>
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Cabinet

president's advisers; established by Washington; example of unwritten constitution

<p>president's advisers; established by Washington; example of unwritten constitution</p>
6
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neutrality or isolationism

USA policy not to interfere with other nations (to avoid war);

started by George Washington (as stated in his Farewell Address)

<p>USA policy not to interfere with other nations (to avoid war);</p><p>started by George Washington (as stated in his Farewell Address)</p>
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interpretation of Constitution

Jefferson wanted strict, Hamilton wanted loose; fought over national bank; Louisiana Purchase was example of loose

<p>Jefferson wanted strict, Hamilton wanted loose; fought over national bank; Louisiana Purchase was example of loose</p>
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judicial review

Supreme Court's power to declare laws unconstitutional; established by Marshall Court in Marbury v. Madison (1803); increased federal power

<p>Supreme Court's power to declare laws unconstitutional; established by Marshall Court in Marbury v. Madison (1803); increased federal power</p>
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Monroe Doctrine

USA wanted to limit European influence and colonization in the Western Hemisphere (Americas)

<p>USA wanted to limit European influence and colonization in the Western Hemisphere (Americas)</p>
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Homestead Act

government gave land to westward settlers (from the Great Plains to farther west)

<p>government gave land to westward settlers (from the Great Plains to farther west)</p>
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Plessy v. Ferguson

Supreme Court ruled segregation constitutional (legal); "separate but equal"; later overturned by Brown v. Board of Education

<p>Supreme Court ruled segregation constitutional (legal); "separate but equal"; later overturned by Brown v. Board of Education</p>
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literacy tests and poll taxes

were used to prevent African Americans from voting

<p>were used to prevent African Americans from voting</p>
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nativists

anti-immigration groups; Chinese Exclusion Act, Gentlemen's Agreement

<p>anti-immigration groups; Chinese Exclusion Act, Gentlemen's Agreement</p>
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Open Door policy

USA wanted access to markets and trade opportunities with China

<p>USA wanted access to markets and trade opportunities with China</p>
15
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Social Darwinism and laissez-faire

economic survival of the fittest; government should not interfere with business; explained and justified wealth and monopolies

<p>economic survival of the fittest; government should not interfere with business; explained and justified wealth and monopolies</p>
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trusts and monopolies

ruthless Robber Barrons limited or eliminated competition;

Interstate Commerce Act and Sherman Antitrust Act made these illegal

<p>ruthless Robber Barrons limited or eliminated competition;</p><p>Interstate Commerce Act and Sherman Antitrust Act made these illegal</p>
17
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unions or organized labor or AFL

fought to improve working conditions, raise wages, limit work hours

<p>fought to improve working conditions, raise wages, limit work hours</p>
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muckrakers exposed problems

Upton Sinclair's The Jungle; Ida Tarbell's The History of the Standard Oil Company; Frank Norris's The Octopus; Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives

<p>Upton Sinclair's The Jungle; Ida Tarbell's The History of the Standard Oil Company; Frank Norris's The Octopus; Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives</p>
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yellow journalism

newspapers exaggerated stories like the sinking of the U.S.S. Maine in order to incite public outrage (make people angry) and lead the US into war with Spain

<p>newspapers exaggerated stories like the sinking of the U.S.S. Maine in order to incite public outrage (make people angry) and lead the US into war with Spain</p>
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Federal Reserve

regulates (controls) the US money supply and interest rates

<p>regulates (controls) the US money supply and interest rates</p>
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USA entered WW1

German submarine warfare violated freedom of the seas; Zimmermann telegram

<p>German submarine warfare violated freedom of the seas; Zimmermann telegram</p>
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fear of foreign conflict (isolationism)

why the Senate opposed the Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations

<p>why the Senate opposed the Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations</p>
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opportunities for factory jobs

reason why many African Americans migrated from the South to the North during and after World War One

<p>reason why many African Americans migrated from the South to the North during and after World War One</p>
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Dust Bowl

drought in Great Plains; caused migration to California; Grapes of Wrath was a book about it

<p>drought in Great Plains; caused migration to California; Grapes of Wrath was a book about it</p>
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FDR's New Deal and LBJ's Great Society

government help for the poor and needy

<p>government help for the poor and needy</p>
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FDR's court-packing

attempt to add more Supreme Court Justices to push New Deal; was considered a threat to checks and balances

<p>attempt to add more Supreme Court Justices to push New Deal; was considered a threat to checks and balances</p>
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rationing

used during World War Two to ensure military was supplied with resources

<p>used during World War Two to ensure military was supplied with resources</p>
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Nuremberg Trials

individuals were held responsibile for human rights violations during war

<p>individuals were held responsibile for human rights violations during war</p>
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GI Bill (Servicemen's Readjustment Act)

economic assistance to veterans for college and housing

<p>economic assistance to veterans for college and housing</p>
30
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Marshall Plan

provided economic aid to Western Europe in order to limit the spread of communism

<p>provided economic aid to Western Europe in order to limit the spread of communism</p>
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McCarthyism (named after Senator Joseph McCarthy)

was based on the fear of communism in the US

<p>was based on the fear of communism in the US</p>
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civil rights movement

nonviolence, civil disobedience, sit-ins; Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.; led to Civil Rights Act

<p>nonviolence, civil disobedience, sit-ins; Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.; led to Civil Rights Act</p>
33
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expanded rights of accused

Mapp v. Ohio (1961); Gideon v. Wainwright (1963); Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

<p>Mapp v. Ohio (1961); Gideon v. Wainwright (1963); Miranda v. Arizona (1966)</p>
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détente

Nixon's policy to reduce tensions between US and Soviet Union; SALT was an example

<p>Nixon's policy to reduce tensions between US and Soviet Union; SALT was an example</p>
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civil rights limited in times of crisis

Lincoln suspended habeas corpus (1861); Schenck v. United States (1919); FDR's internment of Japanese Americans (1942); USA Patriot Act (2001)

<p>Lincoln suspended habeas corpus (1861); Schenck v. United States (1919); FDR's internment of Japanese Americans (1942); USA Patriot Act (2001)</p>
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Social Security and Medicare

government programs needed because more Americans are living longer

<p>government programs needed because more Americans are living longer</p>