Chapter 14 autonomic nervous system

Reflex arc

Pathway nerve impulse follows for reflex action

Visceral reflex arc

reflex pathway that controls internal organs

Which parts of nervous system are considered autonomic

Visceral motor (efferent)

What part of the nervous system is NOT considered autonomic

visceral sensory

The two “arms” (pathways) of the autonomic nervous system

Sympathetic, parasympathetic

Sympathetic pathways

“Fight or Flight” response, takes over in intense/frightening situations

Parasympathetic pathways

“Rest and Digest” Maintenance system, active when resting or neutral

What is a ganglion in autonomic nervous system pathways

neurons forming a synapse

Preganglionc neuron

First neuron, CNS —> Ganglion. Myelinated

Postganglionic neuron

Second neuron, ganglion —> Organ. Unmyelinated

Synapse

neuron connection

How does the location of ganglion change in sympathetic pathways

preganglionic neuron short, postganglionic long (closer to CNS)

How does the location of ganglion change in parasympathetic pathways

Preganglionic neuron long, postganglionic short (ganglion close to target)

Where do sympathetic pathways emerge?

Emerge in thoracic and lumbar spinal cord

Where do parasympathetic pathways emerge?

Emerge in brainstem and sacral spinal cord/ cranial nerves

Sympathetic chain ganglion

Chain of ganglion on spinal cord

Preganglionic neurotransmitter

Acetycholine (ACh)

Postganglionic neurotransmitter

nicotinic (NE)

what effect does sympathetic signaling have?

Decreases bowel movement, dilates pupil, increases heart rate, preps body for “fight or flight”, reduces blood flow to less urgent blood vessels (Digestion/skin)

Stimulation of adrenal medulla leads to adrenaline rush which..?

releases stored acetylcholine (ACh)

Stimulates medullary cells to release adrenaline

what effect does parasympathetic signaling have?

Expands blood supply to digestive system, limits blood supply to skeletal muscle, constricts airways, decreases heart rate, constricts pupils

Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons release..?

Acetylcholine (ACh)

What two portions of brain play key role in integrating autonomic info

Hypothalamus and Brainstem

Receptors that bind epinephrine and norepinephrine

Adrenergic receptors