World History Exam Review; 2nd Semester

During WWI who did Czar Nicholas II place in charge of the armies?

Himself, Czar Nicholas II

This front was fought with trench warfare that kept both sides in virtually the same position for 4 years.

Western Front

Comprised of Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire.

Central Powers

Were councils composed of representatives from the workers and soldiers.

Soviets

WWI was a _____, meaning that it involved a complete mobilization of resources and people.

Total War

This was Germany’s plan for a two-front war with Russia and France, which had formed a military alliance.

Schlieffen Plan

The United States joined the ____ in WWI because of Germany using unrestricted submarine warfare.

Allies

Under the leadership of ____, the Bolsheviks became a party dedicated to violent revolution.

V.I. Lenin

This group failed because the US did not join it.

League of Nations

This type of government was created under Mussolini in Italy

Totalitarian

This act allowed Hitler to establish a totalitarian state by giving the government the power to ignore the constitution for 4 years.

Enabling Act

This event was a destructive Nazi rampage against the Jews.

Kristallnacht

This surrealist painter painted everyday objects but separated them from their normal context.

Salvador Dali

This person set up the Nazi secret forces.

Heinrich Himmler

This plan dealt with Germany’s inflation by reducing Germany’s reparations debt.

Dawes Plan

An _____ is a period of low economic activity and rising unemployment.

Economic Depression

This type of government glorifies the state above the individual by emphasizing the need for a strong central government led by a dictatorial ruler.

Fascism

This person led the Spanish military in a revolt against the democratic government.

Francisco Franco

These laws excluded Jews from German citizenship and forbade marriages between Jews and Germans.

Nuremberg Laws

The book written by Adolf Hitler while he was in prison.

Mein Kampf

The Arab nationalist who sought to undermine Ottoman rule and was backed by British adventurer T.E. Lawrence, What was T.E.’s nickname due to this?

Lawrence of Arabia

Which ethnic group was a victim of genocide by the Ottoman Turks?

Armenians

In November 1917, the ____ stated Britian’s intention to make Palestine the national home of the Jews.

Balfour Declaration

This person protested British laws by using methods of civil disobedience, that is, refusing to obey laws considered to be unjust.

Mohandas Gandhi

This person led the People’s Liberation Army on the Long March.

Mao Zedong

This policy by FDR rejected the use of US military force in Latin America.

Good Neighbor Policy

This is a more modern term for genocide, the deliberate mass murder of particular racial, political, or cultural groups.

Ethnic Cleansing

This person established the modern state of Iran in 1935.

Reza Shah Pahlavi

This country signed a nonaggression pact with Germany

Russia

Hitler demanded, and was given, what area in northwestern Czechoslovakia?

Sudentenland

2 days after Hitler’s invasion of _____, Britain and France declared war on Germany.

Poland

Also known as “lightning war” and was a form of attack that used tank divisions supported by air attacks.

Blitzkrieg

This event occurred on December 7, 1941, when the Japanese launched a surprise attack on the US.

Pearl Harbor

This battle was the turning point of the war in the Pacific for the US.

Battle of Midway Island

These were created when the Einsatzgruppen proved to be too slow for the Nazis.

Extermination Camps

Truman demanded freely elected governments throughout Eastern Europe at this conference.

Potsdam Conference

Great Britian’s policy of ____ toward Germany was based on the belief that the satisfaction of reasonable demands would maintain peace in Europe.

Appeasment

This battle was a crushing defeat for Germany because the entire German 6th army (considered to be the best of the German troops) were lost.

Battle of Stalingrad

The ______ were special strike forces charged with the task of rounding up and killing Jews.

Einsatzgruppen

The _____ was the period of political tension following WWII

Cold War

At this conference the Allies agreed to the establishment of a United Nations organization after the war.

Yalta Conference

The slaughter of European Jews by the Nazis became known as what?

Holocaust

This was a defense alliance created by the Soviet Union.

Warsaw Pact

This was designed to restore the economic stability of European nations after WWII.

Marshall Plan

US fears about the spread of communism were increased when ____ became a Communist nation in 1949.

China

The defense alliance that was created by the US and included countries like Italy, Belgium and Denmark.

NATO

When the Soviet Union launched this many Americans feared that the Soviet Union was ahead of the US in the production of missiles.

Sputnik I

This event was a US attempt to overthrow the Cuban government by having Cuban exiles storm the beaches of Cuba.

Bay of Pigs

The US senator responsible for the anti-communist movement known as the “Red Scare”.

Joseph McCarthy

In 1970, 4 students at _____ were killed by the Ohio National Guard during an antiwar demonstration.

Kent State University

This stated that the US would provide money to nations threatened by Communist expansion.

Truman Doctrine

This was built in order to prevent East Germans from defecting to West Germany.

Berlin Wall

This Communist nation remained independent of Soviet control.

Yugoslavia

This nation experienced an “economic miracle” after WWII.

West Germany

The Truman Doctrine was a response to a conflict with this country.

Greece

The hotline between the White House and the Kremlin was established in response to this event.

Cuban Missile Crisis

This person’s assassination led to WWI

Archduke Francis Ferdinand

Means to assemble troops and supplies for war.

Mobilization

This type of warfare kept the Western Front from moving very much during WWI

Trench Warfare

Wearing the other side down with constant attacks.

War of Attrition

This person was a Siberian peasant who influenced Alexandria.

Grigori Rasputin

This person was the head of the Petrograd soviet and, later, commissar of war in Russia.

Leon Trosky

The prime minister of Great Britain, who wanted to make the Germans pay for the war.

David Lloyd George

Means the right of each people to have their own nation.

Self determination

The Venezuelan military dictator supported by the US oil companies.

Juan Vicente Gomez

A Japanese military group conquered this country, although the Japanese government opposed the action.

Manchuria

This political party in Mexico ran a monopoly on elections.

PRI

The Indian politician with a secular, modern approach.

Jawaharlarl Nehru

This is also known as the Yangtze River in China.

Chang Jiang

The Chinese Nationalists founded a new republic here in 1928.

Nanjing

How long did the Cuban Missile Crisis last?

13 days

Which country put nuclear missiles into Cuba during the Cold War?

Soviet Union

The US agreed to take their missiles out of ____ in order to end the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Turkey

What does NAACP stand for, and what do they do?

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and they fight for racial equality.

This person was a seamstress and secretary for the NAACP and would not give up her seat on the bus.

Rosa Parks

This person was the president of the US and was assassinated on November 22, 1963.

John F. Kennedy

The city in Texas where John F. Kennedy was assassinated.

Dallas, Texas

This person was responsible for the assassination of JFK.

Lee Harvey Oswald

This war was fought between 1950-1953 and was known as the Forgotten War.

Korean War

During the Korean War, sides battled across which parallel?

38th

In 1994, this person became the president of South Africa.

Nelson Mandela

This country ended up winning both the 6-day War and the Yom Kippur War.

Israel

Who was the person who successfully become the leader of Cuba?

Fidel Castro

This war was fought between 1990-1991.

Persian Gulf War

This person was the president of the US during the Gulf War.

President Bush

Which country invaded Kuwait to start the Persian Gulf War?

Iraq

These weapons were used in order to inflict the damage on the twin towers in the US.

Airplanes

The day in which the US was attacked and the twin towers were destroyed.

September 11, 2001

This is the country that the US invaded in retaliation to the twin tower attacks.

Arghanistan

During the US invasion of Afghanistan the US was looking for this person.

Ossama Bin Laden

The US invaded Iraq after the September 11th attacks to get rid of weapons of ____.

Mass Destruction

The first person to walk on the moon was who?

Neil Armstrong

The leader of Germany during WWII

Adolf Hitler

The leader of Russia during WWII.

Joseph Stalin

This person was the president of the US who dropped 2 atomic bombs on Japan.

Harry S. Truman

This person was the leader of Italy during WWII.

Benito Mussolini

This person was the leader of Spain during WWII.

Fransisco Franco

This was the largest amphibious attack in history.

D-day

This is the document that called an end to WWI. It ended up making Germany very bitter.

Versailles Treaty

A suicide Japanese pilot during WWII.

Kamikaze