iam gonna piss myself (biol368 cestodes) (so just echinococcus granulosus)

echinococcus granulosus disease

cystic echinococcosis

hydatid cyst disease

shoemaker’s disease

echinococcus granulosus geo location

anywhere sheep are raised

echinococcus granulosus intermediate+infectious stage

intermediate is sheep, infectious is metacestode in lungs/liver (hydatid cyst)

echinococcus granulosus definitive + infecitous stage

wild canids/dogs, infectious is still hydatid cyst/metacestode

echinococcus granulosus route of common infection

dog wiill eat sheep with cyst

echinococcus granulosus location of definitive

adults in small intestines

echinococcus granulosus lifecycle

taenia eggs are passed in the feces and eaten by intermediate sheep from vegetation, which develops into an oncosphere, gets into the gut wall, and migrates to organs. then the defitive host will eat the sheep and get hydatid cyst, where the scolex will evaginate on the cell wall and release the strobila. the strobila will release eggs into the small intestine

echinococcus granulosus diagnostic stage

taenia eggs in feces

echinococcus granulosus symptoms

in intermediate host, poor growth, pneumonia, liver disease. will not cause disease in definitive host. however, if humans eat it, then the cyst will grow slowly. will cause necrosis to surrounding tissue due to pressure. if it ruptures, will cause anaphylactic shock

echinococcus granulosus diagnostic tests

taenia egg in feces will need fecal flotation

echinococcus granulosus prevention, treatment, control

to prevent, deworm dogs and don’t allow them to eat raw sheep. pick up dog feces, wash hands after touching dogs, and wash/cook your food

to treat, praziquantel is good for definitive only. humans will require surgery for large cysts + benzimidazol drugs for small cysts

trichuridae “whipworms”

trichuris trichiura

trichuris vulpis

trichuris suis

disease

trichuriasis

trichuridae “whipworms”

trichuris trichiura

trichuris vulpis

trichuris suis

geogrpahic location

anywhere with human feces on soil, tropical conditions

trichuridae “whipworms”

trichuris trichiura

trichuris vulpis

trichuris suis

intermediate + infectious

NO INTERMEDIATE

trichuridae “whipworms”

trichuris trichiura

trichuris vulpis

trichuris suis

definitive + infectious

trichiura = human

vulpis = fox, dogs, canids

suis = pig

infectious is embryonated egg

trichuridae “whipworms”

trichuris trichiura

trichuris vulpis

trichuris suis

route of common infection

embryonated eggs are eaten

trichuridae “whipworms”

trichuris trichiura

trichuris vulpis

trichuris suis

location in definitive

adults live in large intestine/cecum

trichuridae “whipworms”

trichuris trichiura

trichuris vulpis

trichuris suis

lifecycle

unembryonated eggs are in feces, and become embryonated. these eggs (infectious) will become ingested. the larvae will hatch in the small intestine and the adults find their way to the cecum

trichuridae “whipworms”

trichuris trichiura

trichuris vulpis

trichuris suis

diagnostic stage

unembryonated eggs in feces

trichuridae “whipworms”

trichuris trichiura

trichuris vulpis

trichuris suis

how does the parasite cause disease?

anterior end buries into mucosal lining and feeds on cells/blood, which causes bleeding and inflammation to intestinal epithelium and submucosa

trichuridae “whipworms”

trichuris trichiura

trichuris vulpis

trichuris suis

symptoms

GI typical + anemia. malnutrition and tenesmus, rectal prolapse because muscles are too weak to hold in rectum, pica

trichuridae “whipworms”

trichuris trichiura

trichuris vulpis

trichuris suis

diagnostic test

egg in feces, adult worms via colonoscopy

trichuridae “whipworms”

trichuris trichiura

trichuris vulpis

trichuris suis

prevention, control, treatment

don’t eat soil with human feces or use wastewater for crops. wash your hands, wash your fruits and vegs if fertilized with human manure. deworm if vulpis/suis. have pig farms with concrete floors so whipworm does not accumulate in soil. GABA agonists are good, treat everyone in the household

capillaria aerophila disease

pulmonary capillariasis

capillaria aerophila geographic location

anywhere with wild foxes + domestic animals

capillaria aerophila intermediate + infectous

sometimes earthworm, can be direct though

capillaria aerophila definitive + infectious

cats, dogs, carnivores

infectious is embryonated eggs

capillaria aerophila route of common infection

eat embyronated eggs

capillaria aerophila location in definitive

adult in respiratory tract

capillaria aerophila diagnostic

unembryonated egg in feces

capillaria aerophila pathogenesis

adults will cause inflammation inr espiratory tract

capillaria aerophila symptoms

respiratory typical symptoms

capillaria aerophilaprevention/treatment

ivermectin. wash your hands, wash your fruit

capillaria philippinensis disease

intestinal capillariasis

capillaria philippinensis geographic location

philippines

capillaria philippinensis intermediate host + infectous stage

small fish

infectious is embryonated egg

capillaria philippinensis definitive host + infectious stage

fish eating birds, humans

infectious is L3

capillaria philippinensis diagnostic

unembryonated egg in environ

capillaria philippinensis location in definitive

adults in small intestine

capillaria philippinensis lifecycle

definitive hosts will shit unembryonated eggs that get eaten by fish. larval stage develops in fish, which gets eaten by a bird or passes into the environment. when humans eat raw fish, fish will have l3 larvae that will develop in small intestine and invade the mucosal lining. females can continuously reinfect.

capillaria philippinensis how does the parasite cause disease

worms repeatedly fuck over the mucosa of small intestine, which causes thickening and inflam of intestines. results in decreased ability to absorb nutrients

capillaria philippinensis symptoms

GI symptoms, protein electrolyte loss/imbalance, some light heart failure and death

capillaria philippinensis prevention/control/treatment

don’t eat raw fish, treat symptoms for 10-20 days until there are no more eggs in feces

trichinella spiralis/nelsoni/murrelli/nativa disease

trichinellosis, trichinosis

trichinella spiralis/nelsoni/murrelli/nativa intermediate/definitive, infectous stage

carnvores will serve as both the intermediate and definitive, infectious is L1

trichinella spiralis/nelsoni/murrelli/nativa route of common infection

infecting encysted larvae in raw meat