Data Proc 02

rev.01 from OS_Kevin

ATIS

Automated service that provides current aerodrome information to departing and arriving aircraft.

AWOS

System that provides continuous, real-time information and reports on airport weather condition.

HK MCC

serves as the central data information hub for 406 distress beacon signals sent by satellites in the the SARSAT system.

MADCC

aeronautical ground-ground communications based on X.400 format

MDPS

system for the acquisition, processing and distribution of weather information

WAFS

provide the worldwide aviation community with operational meteorological forecasts

AISS

is to ensure the flow of aeronautical data and aeronautical information necessary for global air traffic management (ATM) system

EAD

is the world's largest Aeronautical Information System (AIS), a centralised reference database of aeronautical information

GNSS

for any of the satellite constellations that broadcast positioning, navigation and timing data.

NANU

provide updates on the general health of individual satellites in the GPS constellation.

ATMS

is the dynamic, integrated management of air traffic and airspace safely, economically and efficiently through the provision of facilities and seamless services in collaboration with all parties.

Data Processing

provide the means of relaying essential information for the safe and orderly operation of ANS (Air Navigation Service).

1. Surveillance System

2. Communications system

3. Ground-Ground Control System

4. Flow Control System

5. Separation Standards

Enumeration: (5)

Basic ATC System Elements

Basic ATC System Elements

All of these elements combine to provide the controller’s tools of trade

Secondary RADAR

• Reflection of transmitted signals back to the radar

• Only Positional data

ADS-C Surveillance

dependent on contracts automatically established between the ground system and an individual, equipped aircraft

ADS-B

based on automatic, high-update-rate “squitters” being transmitted by equipped aircraft. Any system with the appropriate receiver can process the information

Ground Based ADS-B

Space Based ADS-B

ADS-B two kinds of input

VHF and HF

voice communications can be conducted via _____ bands

VHF, HF, Satellite

Depending on the location and equipment carried, data

communications can be conducted via _______ data networks

Flight Plan

is a document that provides information about an aircraft's intended flight to air traffic control.

Separation standards

one of the most important tools to be mastered by a controller is the application of ________

1. Altitude

2. Time

3. Distance

Enumeration: (3)

separation standards based on differences in:

Vertical Separation

Separations Standards:

operation at different levels

Lateral Separation

Separation Standards:

based on aircraft routes (side by side)

Longitudinal Separation

Separation Standards:

following another same level

Wake Turbulence Separation

Separation Standards:

Based on size of aircraft

0-10
10-60
60-250

Distances ng Air Traffic control area in NM

Aerodrome or Tower
Approach
en Route/ ACC

1. aircraft flight plan data

2. controller instructions

3. pilot reports

4. coordination

Enumeration: (4)

Flight progress strips record

Sector

defined volume of airspace controlled by a controller

Separation Standard

• Set of rules that define the minimum spacing in terms of distance or time between any aircraft pairs to ensure they do not collide.
  

• takes account of errors in terms of equipment tolerances (Radar, Navigation Aids, Time....)

Altitude

• Height above Mean Sea Level using local barometric pressure (QNH)
  

• Used when <= 10,000ft

Flight level

• standard nominal altitude used in aviation that is based on a fixed standard atmospheric pressure of 1013.25hPa (QNE)
  

• Used when > 10,000ft

ATM Operational Concept

To achieve an interoperable global air traffic management system, for all users during all phases of flight, that meets agreed levels of safety, provides for optimum economic operations, is environmentally sustainable and meets national security requirements.

Air Traffic Management

is the dynamic, integrated management of air traffic and airspace — safely, economically and efficiently — through the provision of facilities and seamless services in collaboration with all parties.

1. Flight Plan Data

2. Surveillance Data

3. Communication Data

4. Meteorological Data

5. Aeronautical Data

Enumeration: (5)

Air Traffic Data

Flight Plan Data

Air Traffic Data Type:

Provides aircraft intention (route level, timing)

Airspace Users
AIS
Message handling System
Automation System (FDP)
ATC Users

Flight plan Data Flow order

Surveillance data

Air Traffic Data Type:

Provides aircraft position, speed, ID

Radar
Automation System (SDP)
HMI

Surveillance Data Flow order

Communication data

Air Traffic Data Type:

Coordination and control exchanges

CPDLC/AIDC
ATMS
ATC user

Communication data flow order

Meteorological Data

Air Traffic Data Type:

Affects flight profile separation

Aeronautical Data

Air Traffic Data Type:

Static + dynamic airspace information

Operating System

Is a system software, which acts as the master controller for all of the activities that take place within a air traffic management system.

Operating System

constantly monitors the health of the hardware and, if it detects a failure, it can automatically trigger a "failover" to a backup server so the controller’s screen stays active.

Thalix OS

ATM
OS Linux-Based
Thales Company
Multi-Tasking and multi user
Runs Wide Range of hardware

system

For the TopSky ATC applications & maintenance

resms

For TopSky ATC software installation into the system account

root

Root permissions are required for some ATM System functions

Middleware

It acts as a middle layer between the operating system and the application layer, providing a common platform and services for data exchange, integration, and coordination.

UBSS

provides the Operating Support services that TopSky requires to operate securely.

1. Communication

2. Supervision

3. Miscellaneous

Enumeration: (3)

Main Functions of Middleware (UBSS)

CDC

All datastore copies with the same name will contain the same information on all relevant nodes.

NPM

Controls nodes and dual nodes in a pre-defined way (start/restart, shutdown, control and monitoring of each node).

DNC

Subcomponent of NPM. Allows two nodes, connected to the same LAN, to form a redundant configuration for fault tolerant applications by assigning states to these two nodes.


“Isang online, isang standby. Standby checks if online pa si Master, if not takeover“

SCM

Offers a facility to monitor and control system technical status.



“Pinakatrabaho naten“

BNS

• Find the physical location of logical communication endpoints;

• Provides a fault-tolerant and distributed service based on CDC.

BNS

it provides:

• fault-tolerant and distributed service based on CDC;

• Subscription/notification model

• A name service to applicaiton

1. Manila (MN)

2. NAIA (NI)

3. Clark (CR)

4. Mactan (CE)

5. Davao (DV)

6. Bacolod (BC)

7. Kalibo (KL)

8. Iloilo (IL)

9. Caticlan (MP)

Enumeration: (9)

Air Traffic Management System Locations

1. Operation (OP)

2. Remote Tower (RT)

3. Test and Evaluation (TE)

4. Offline (OL)

Enumeration: (4)

4 Sub-Partitions in Manila ATMS

Topsky ATC

purpose is to provide the equipment and facilities for the management of air traffic within the airspace of the Flight Information Region(FIR).

It is designed to address all missions required by an ATC system to control traffic in en-route, terminal approach and oceanic airspace.

1. FDP

2. SDP

3. Bypass Surveillance Data Processing

4. Correlation of Surveillance and Flight Data

5. Safety Net

6. Meteorological Information Processing

7. AGDL

8. VSP Management

9. AIDC

10. HMI

11. System Control and Monitoring

12. Recording and Playback

13. Software Version Management

14. GNSS Time Synchronization

Enumeration: (14)

ATMAS Functions

FDP

manages the complete lifecycle of a flight within the air traffic management system.

1. Flight Message Processing and Life Cycle Management

2. 4D Trajectory Calculation

3. Coordination and Sector Management

4. SSR Code Management

5. Flight Strip Systems

Enumeration: (5)

FDP Functions

1. Reception

2. Validation

3. Storage

4. Trajectory Calculation

5. Correlation Engine

6. Distribution

7. Update Cycle

8. Termination and Archive

Enumeration: (8)

FDP Internal Process

Flight Plan Evolution

is the controlled transition of flight plan data through its operational lifecycle—from initial filing to post- flight archival—managed internally by FDP and synchronized with ATC, safety nets, coordination systems, and legal recording.

SDP

Integrate multiple radars and process the received data to generate a unique system track;

FDP
SDP

=flight intent
=real time aircraft position

Data Reception and Handling
Tracking
Multi Sensor Fusion

SDP Functions (3)

CAT 21
CAT 48

Surveillance source and Data Format

For ADS-B
For Radar Message

Primary Track
Secondary Track
Combined Track
ADS-B Track (High Quality)
ADS-B Track (Low Quality)

Track type for mga symbols
+
o
⊕
X na bold
Y na bold

Bypass Surveillance Data Processing Function

A redundancy module that can independently receive, process, and distribute surveillance data. If the main SDP fails, the system automatically switches to the BSDP to ensure continuous, uninterrupted flow of surveillance information to the controllers' displays.

Safety Net Function

• serves to alert controllers of a potential, imminent or actual infringement of safety margins to prevent hazardous situations from developing into major incidents or even accidents.
  

• continuously computes trajectories and compares them against safety thresholds.

1. STCA - Short Term Conflict Alert

2. MSAW - Minimum Safe Altitude Warning

3. APW - Area Proximity Warning

4. APMW - Approach Path Monitor Warning

5. CLAM - Cleared Level Adherence Monitor

Enumeration: (5)

Safety Net Functional Features

AIDC

enables automated data exchange between Air Traffic Services (ATS) units specifically between Flight Data Processing (FDP) systems of adjacent ATC centers.

a ground-ground data link application designed to automate the routine coordination and transfer of aircraft between adjacent Air Traffic Control (ATC) sectors or Flight Information Regions (FIRs).

1. ABI - Advance Boundary Information

2. EST - Estimate Message

3. ACP - Acceptance Message

4. MAC - Coordination Message (Modification)

5. TOC - Transfer of Control Message

6. AOC - Acceptance of Control Message

7. LAM - Logical Acknowledgement Message

8. LRM - Logical Rejection Message

9. PAC - Preliminary Activation Message

Enumeration (9)

AIDC Message Types (9)

Human Machine Interface

is the medium for interaction and information exchange between the system and controllers.

1. Normal

2. Shadow

3. Free

4. Replay

Enumeration: (4)

Operator Modes

System Control and Monitoring

provide the monitoring and controlling function, and the failure of the monitoring and controlling function should not affect the operation of other modules.

Partition

specific deployment and configurations of hardware and software functions to meet particular operational requirements.

1. 2Chr/A - Program ID

2. 2Chr/A - Partition ID

3. 3Chr/A - Node ID

4. 2Chr/A# - Node Segment ID

5. 2Chr/A# - H/W Class ID

6. 2Chr/ - Port ID

Sequence of: (left to right)

Partition Naming Convention

1. OPS - Operational System Partition

2. TWR - Remote Tower Partition

3. TES - Simulator System Partition

4. OFFL - Offline Partition

5. BY - Bypass Partition

Enumeration: (5)

TopSky ATC Partition

Network Redundancy

A Primary and Secondary path preventing single points of failure

Provides high system fault tolerance and recovery at both Node and Switch levels

For each node, a connection to either the A or B LANs is guaranteed,

THALiX process called Bonding manages the network interfaces.

System Redundancy

Achieved via Multiple Operator Nodes and functionality transfer

Achieved via dual redundant servers

Dual Data Processor Nodes

1. MCR - Multiple Computational Redundancy

2. HSR - Hot Standby Redundancy

Enumeration: (2)

Kinds of System Redundancy

Recording and Playback

allows synchronized playback of the air traffic situation,

controller-pilot communication, and controller actions in the air

situation display for incident analysis and investigation.

1. FDP - Flight Data Processing

2. SDP - Surveillance Data Processing

3. Safety Net Outputs

4. HMI - Human-Machine Interface

5. System and Hardware Events

Enumeration: (5)

Recording Function automatically captures and stores:

1. Automatic Operation

2. Time Synchronization

3. Data Format

4. Integrity Validation

5. Retention Management

Enumeration: (5)

Design Recording Requirements

Replay Function

Reconstructs recorded data in chronological sequence for investigation, training, or verification.

1. Time Based Replay

2. Synchronized Multi Source Replay

3. Selective Playback

4. Speed Control

5. Data Export

6. Simulation Mode

Enumeration: (6)

Replay Function Capabilities

1. Data Integrity

2. Access Control

3. Retention and Disposal

Enumeration: (3)

Data Security

1. Operational LAN

2. Service LAN

3. Surveillance LAN

Enumeration: (3)

System Networks