chapt 25 matching

liver

the focal point for the metabolic regulation and control. Liver cells can breakdown or synthesize most carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids. Contains significant energy reserves (glycogen deposits)

adipose tissue

stores lipids, primarily in the form of triglycerides

skeletal muscle

contains substantial glycogen reserves, and the contractile proteins can be mobilized and the amino acids used as an energy source

neural tissue

does not contain energy reserves, depends on aerobic metabolism for energy production

other peripheral tissues

are able to metabolize glucose, fatty acids, or other substrates under the direction of the endocrine system.

inborn errors of metabolism

inherited inability to produce specific enzymes involved with amino acid metabolism: ex.- phenylketonuria (PKU), albinism, lactose intolerance, Tay-Sach’s disease, and hypercholesterolemia

obesity

20% over ideal weight, serious health risks

hypervitaminosis

when dietary intake exceeds the ability to store, utilize, or excrete a particular vitamin

anorexia nervosa

individual who is underweight and thinks that they are still too fat, refuse to eat normal amounts of food

bulimia

individual goes on an “eating binge”, the meal is then followed by induced vomiting, laxatives (promote movement of material through the digestive tract), diuretics (promote fluid loss in urine)

acclimatization

adjusting physiologically to an environment over time

heat cramp

characterized by profuse sweating, cardiovascular and thermoregulator mechanisms are intact

heat exhaustion

there are unreplaced losses of salts and water, sweating, weakness, reduced blood pressure, rapid pulse, normal or slightly elevated temperature

heat stroke

results from a breakdown in thermoregulation. Sweat glands cease to function and body temperature rises. The patient lapses into a coma; the skin is flushed, hot an dry

hypothermia

below-normal body temperature