Middle Childhood Development Overview

A collection of 80 flashcards focused on key vocabulary terms and definitions related to middle childhood development education.

Middle Childhood

The developmental stage from ages 6 to 12, encompassing school-age years.

Preadolescence

The period leading up to adolescence, typically between ages 8 and 12.

Latency Period (Freud)

A stage in childhood when sexual drives are dormant, and energy is redirected toward asexual pursuits.

Industry vs Inferiority (Erikson)

Stage in which a child’s self-esteem and identity are formed based on their achievements.

Concrete Operations (Piaget)

Cognitive development phase where children begin to think logically about concrete events.

Reversibility

The understanding that objects can be changed and then returned to their original state.

Decentration

The ability to consider multiple aspects of a situation.

Conservation

The understanding that quantity doesn't change even when its shape does.

Selective Attention

The process of focusing on a particular object in the presence of multiple distractions.

Metamemory

Awareness of one's own memory processes.

Hemispheric Specialization

Differentiation between the functions of the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

Intelligence

An individual's underlying learning ability and competence.

Achievement

The acquired skills and knowledge observed through performance.

Heredity

Genetic transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring.

Hypertrophic Growth

Increase in the size of cells leading to growing body size.

Hyperplastic Growth

Increase in the number of cells.

Physical Growth Patterns

Changes in body size, weight, and composition during middle childhood.

Motor Skills Development

The enhancement of gross and fine motor abilities during childhood.

Neuromuscular Development

The maturation of the nervous system that enhances movement coordination.

Prefrontal Cortex Development

Maturation of brain regions involved in complex behaviors and impulse control.

Ossification

The process of bone formation as children grow.

Vital Signs

Measurements of the body's basic functions, influenced by size and activity.

Vision Development

The progress of visual acuity, reaching 20/20 by age 8.

Gastrointestinal Efficiency

Improvement in digestive processes and nutrient absorption in children.

Urinary System Maturation

Development of kidney and bladder functions during childhood.

Immune System Development

Growth and functional advancement of the lymphoid tissues in children.

Nutritional Guidelines

Recommendations for a balanced diet in children, typically 1200 to 1800 kcal/day.

Enuresis

The condition of involuntary urination, often classified as primary or secondary.

Activity-Exercise Pattern

The variety of physical activities children engage in for development.

Sleep Needs

Requirement of 8 to 12 hours of sleep per night for children.

Learning Disabilities

Disorders such as ADHD that affect a child's ability to learn.

Roles-Relationships Pattern

The shifting dynamics of relationships as children become more independent.

Safety Promotion

Strategies to prevent accidents and injuries in children.

Bullying

Repeated aggressive behavior involving an imbalance of power.

Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern

Understanding and processing patterns in cognitive development.

Biological Agents

Organisms that can cause infections regardless of the child's age.

Nursing Application

Role of nurses in promoting health behaviors among school-age children.

Healthy People 2030

A goal to track health measures for improving childhood health outcomes.

Automatization

The process where tasks become automatic through repetition.

Musculoskeletal System Development

Ongoing growth and strengthening of muscles and bones in school-age children.

Cognitive Development Factors

Elements like heredity and environment that influence intellectual growth.

Environmental Enrichment

Benefits of varied experiences for child development.

Childhood Growth Rates

Measurements of height and weight increases over specific intervals.

Fine Motor Skills

Development of precise movements such as writing and manipulating objects.

Gross Motor Skills

Development of larger movements such as running and jumping.

Social Development Patterns

Progression of social skills and relationships in children.

Emotional Regulation

The ability to manage and respond to emotional experiences calmly.

Nutritional Factors

Influences on food intake including cultural and socio-economic aspects.

School Health Education

Programs that educate children on health and wellness in school settings.

Sleep Disturbances

Problems like sleepwalking or insomnia that can occur in children.

Family Dynamic Changes

Shifts in family relationships as children seek independence.

Health Promotion Activities

Actions aimed at improving the health of children and families.

Physical Activity Benefits

Positive effects of exercise on physical and mental health.

Peer Relationships

Social connections that develop during school years.

Child Safety Awareness

Understanding and practices to prevent injuries in children.

Educational Legislation Impact

Policies affecting the education and support of children with disabilities.

Childhood Immunizations

Vaccinations recommended during late childhood and early adolescence.

Cognitive Growth Opportunities

Experiences that enhance cognitive abilities in children.

Social Isolation Effects

Consequences of bullying leading to withdrawal and poor academic performance.

Child Development Stages

Various phases through which children progress in growth and learning.

Health Literacy

Ability to obtain, understand, and use health information effectively.