SAAT Physics Section 2-3 (Representing Motion & Accelerated Motion) - تحصيلي

Motion

The process of change in position

Displacement

As any object moves from one position to another, the length of the straight line drawn from its initial position to the object’s final position

Displacement formula in words

Change in position = final position - intial position

Displacement formula

△x = x_i - x_i

Displacement can either be

Positive or negative

Positive displacement

From x_i to x_f

Negative displacement

From x_f to x_i

Average velocity

Total displacement divided by the time interval during which the displacement occured

Velocity

Describes motion with both a direction and a numerical value (magnitude) indicating how fast something moves

Average speed

Equal to the distance traveled divided by the time interval for the motion

Average speed formula

Distance/time

Average velocity formula

Velocity = change in position/change in time

Acceleration

The rate at which velocity changes over time; an object accelerates if it’s speed, direction, or both change m/s/s or m/s²

What acceleration has

Direction and magnitude

Average acceleration formula

Change in velocity/time required for change

Motion at constant acceleration

Obeys kinematic equations

Kinematic equations

Can be used to predict the motion of an object

Motion graphs

To describe an object’s motion

Two types of motion graphs

Position time graph and velocity time graph

Instantaneous velocity

The velocity of an object at some instant or at a specific point in the object’s path

The slope of this tangent line

Equal to the value of the instantaneous velocity at that point

Area under the curve in a velocity time graph

Distance travelled

Gravitation magnitude (g)

9.81 m/s²

Free fall near the surface of the Earth

-g = -9.81 m/s²

If air resistance is regarded

All objects dropped near the surface of a planet fall with the same constant acceleration

Free fall

The motion of a body when only the force due to gravity is acting on the body

Acceleration is constant

During upward and downward motion, even if the object is not moving at all