Instruments and tools (20)

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Centre Drill - short metal tool with a very thick body and a tiny, sharp point at the end with two distinct angles

2. Used in precision drilling to create an initial small starter hole to guide a larger drill. Short design prevents deflection, ensuring perfect alignment.

3. [High Speed Steel / Carbide]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Counter bore drill- short wide flat‑faced heat with a small guide pin in the middle and normal drill straight shank behind it.

2. Cutting tool that enlarges pre-dilled holes a create a cylindrical, flat- bottomed hole so that bolts, screws or washer can sit bellow or flush with the surface.

3. [High Speed Steel / Solid Carbide]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Twist Drill- metal rod with helical flutes and a sharp, centred point at the end.

2. For drilling through anything from wood to plastic to metal products, but not masonry and concrete products. Used to produce neat, round holes, the flutes help cut through the material and clear away chips/debris.

3. [High Speed Steel / Carbide]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Slot Drill- metal rod with two flutes and a flat end that can plunge and cut clean, accurate slots.

2. To create accurate cuts on the faces and edges of materials. Used in milling machines. Their geometry allow them to plunge directly into material without deflection

3. [High Speed Steel]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Ball Nose Cutter- cylindrical rod with two spiral flutes on the side (move debris) and round spherical head

2. Milling cutter with a rounded tip. Can machine 3D contoured shapes into materials and is used when you need smooth, curved surfaces rather than sharp corners.

3. [High Speed Steel]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Flat Blade Screwdriver- metal rod with a flat, chisel‑shaped tip and a chunky handle for turning screws.

2. To tighten or loosen screws that have a single straight, linear notch in their heads can be also used to pry open things.

3. [Steel (bar), Plastic/Rubber (handle), Nickel or Chromium plating (tip)]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Phillips/ Cross Head Screwdriver- metal rod with a cross shaped tip and a chunky handle for turning screws.

2. To tighten or loosen screws that have a cross-shaped notch in their heads.

3. [Steel (bar), Plastic/Rubber (handle), Nickel or Chromium plating (tip)]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Ring Spanner- wrench with a closed loop (ring) at one or both ends, shaped to fit snugly around a nut or bolt head (less likely to slip compared to opened ended)

2. Loop is placed over the head of nut and pushes against the flat side to turn it, it can be used tightening or to break loose a tight nut, also used where there is an obstruction close to the sides of a nut since the handle is angled

3. . [Chrome Vanadium Steel]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Opened-Ended Spanner- wrench with two jaws forming a U-shape with two parallel flat sides (opening between jaws is width of fastener head)

2. Flat sides of fastener head makes contact with two parallel sides and push against them to turn it, can be used for tightening and loosening fasteners such as nuts and bolts.

3. [Chrome Vanadium Steel]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Adjustable Spanner- wrench with one fixed jaw and one movable jaw and a thumb wheel to adjust jaw width.

2. Similar to opened-ended spanner as it has two jaws forming a U-shape with two parallel flat sides however the jaws are movable so it can grip fasteners such as nuts and bolts of multiple sizes. Making them more versatile.

3. [Chrome Vanadium Steel]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Ratchet Socket- short round metal tube that typically has a hexagonal opening on one end and a square drive hole for handle on other.

2. A removable, cylindrical head that fits onto a ratchet handle.
   The socket grips the nut or bolt, while the ratchet handle lets you turn it back and forth without removing or repositioning the tool each time.

3. [Chrome Vanadium]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Dial Test Indicator- small circular dial with a tiny sideways‑moving lever arm that measures minute deflections.

2. For precise measurements of workpiece surfaces or indicating displacements during machine setup. Used to verify flatness, alignment and inspecting runout on shafts etc.

3. [Stainless Steel / Plastic, Glass]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Alan Key- small L‑shaped metal bar with a hexagonal shaft that fits into hex‑shaped holes.

2. Hand tool with hexagonal shape used to tightens or loosens hexagonal bolts and screws. It has two ends of different length for versatility

3. [Steel/Stainless Steel]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Die Holder- round central body with hold in middle for die, three or more fastening screws around body and two long handles.

2. Hand tool for fitting and turning thread cutting dies (often used on metal shafts) when cutting or shaping materials. The dies are inserted with notch facing outward and fastening screws are tightened with screwdriver.

3. [Cast Steel, Plastic]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Machine Reamer- long, straight metal tool with straight or spiral flutes and tapered tip used to finish a drilled hole to an exact size.

2. Precision cutting tool which widens the size of a pre-existing hole in metal by a small amount to leave smooth sides - removing any burrs or rough edges.

3. [High Speed Steel]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Tap Wrench- long central handle on each side for turning with central body and adjustable jaws attachment (plastic) that clamps onto square end of tap.

2. Handheld tool that is used to clamp onto a tap (the cutting tool that makes threads inside a hole) and gives you the leverage needed to turn it smoothly and accurately. Used to cut or repair damaged internal threads

3. [Steel]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Needle File- thin long metal file that is textured and has tapered point for smaller areas.

2. A Miniature tool with precision cut teeth; used for precision work to shape, smooth and finish work on tiny or delicate parts and file small areas and corners of metal, plastic & wood.

3. [High Carbon Steel (Harder)]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. G Clamp- a G-shaped frame with two jaws the upper edge of the ‘G’ acts as one and a threaded screw through the second jaw acts as the other providing the clamping

2. Used to hold a wood or metal work piece in place when cutting, drilling, gluing, welding, or assembly. Woodworking should add jaw pads to not ruin surface

3. [Cast Iron/Steel]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. Metric Die- round metal disk with a threaded hole in the centre and slots around it for cutting threads onto a rod.

2. A cutting tool used to create external threads (threads on the outside of a rod, bolt, or stud) using the metric thread system. Can be used to cut new or repair damaged external threads.

3. [High Speed Steel]

1.What is it?

2.What is it used for?

3.What material (is it/can it) be made from?

1. 2 Part Epoxy-

2. Strong, permanent adhesive made from resin and hardener used to create a high-strength bond in assembly applications. Used for metal/plastic repair, woodworking, constructions and electronics.

3. [Epoxy Resin]