Unit 2

Why was France late to the colony race

Involved in wars and in religous conflicts (protestants and catholics)

When did France establish Quebec

1608

Who was the Father of New france

Explorer Samueal De Chaplain

What was a valuable resource of New France (for trading)

Beaver (specifcally beaver fur)

Why did Beaver population reduce

overhunting for hat-making in Europe

How did the french want to connect their land from Canada

The French wanted to connect from Canada to the great lakes (michigan), all the way down to the mississippi river to New orleans and Louisianna.

Which area was an important farming area for the french

Illinois

Which Area became a battleground of the british, french, and spanish

Ohio Valley

Why did the English want Ohio valley so bad?

English are moving from the east to more west and start seeing open land and wants the Ohio valley which will lead to war.

Who was sent out to lead the colonists into battle in Ohio State Valley and how many troops did he take with him

George Washington with 150 militia men

How did the Ohio Valley conflict turn out

Britain opened fire against the French and the French leader got killed. Washington turned back and went to Fort necessity and got cornered. He was forced to surrender the French let him walk away.

When was the Intercolonial congress held and where was it held

Albany, New York in 1754

Why did Franklin want to bring the colonies together

to create a shared government and defense against the French, but it failed

Why did the colonies want to stay seperate after Ben Franklin said that we should unite

The colonies did not want to join under one government

Why was sending General Braddock a bad idea to lead Britain for the French and Indian war

Split up huge army into smaller groups and each group lost every individual battle

Who took over After Braddock in the French and Indian war

William Pitt

Instead of focusing on the west indies what area did William Pitt concentrate on

Quebec because it was the control center for French

When was the Battle of Quebec and when was the battle of montreal

1759 and 1760

Which battle ended French Control in Canada

The battle in Montreal 1760

What was the Treaty of paris in 1763

Britain gained all of Canada. France was allowed to keep a few sugar islands in the West Indies and some small fishing islands near Canada

What did France give spain to compensate for their losses during the French and Indian War and why couldnt Britain take that land away

Louisianna and Britain could not take it away because the lousianna was given to the French prior to the treaty of paris (1762)

What changed between colonie’s unity during the war

Colonies found out that they were kind of similar like language and ideals.

Where did Americans want to settle after the French and Indian war

Americans wanted to settle west of the Appalachain mountains

Proclamation of 1763

The proclomation of 1763 (came from the British) stated that they were prohibited from doing so. If more people move past the Appalachians, British have to send more troops (already exhausted from the F&I war) to fight the Native Americans on those lands.

Salutary Neglect

British did not micromanage the colonies too much and after a long time the colonists felt like they did  not need Britain.

Enumerated products

Goods from the continents of Europe had to go through England to go to America (so England can benefit off of taxes), it was under the navigation acts

What was the Privy council

Colonial laws could be canceled by the Privy Council in Britain, but this didn’t happen very often. Even so, colonists were still upset when it did happen (MORE FRICTION).

When did Britain start enforcing Navigation Acts

1763

How was Britain actually benefiting the colonies

Tobacco farmers had to sell to Britain, but they also had a guaranteed market there.

The British government gave money (subsidies) to help industries like shipbuilding, especially in New England.

Colonists had more self-government than people in Britain and believed they had the “rights of Englishmen.”

They were protected by Britain’s strong army and navy without paying for it.

For a long time, Britain mostly left the colonies alone, so many colonists actually lived better than people in England.

After the 7 years war, Britain was in huge debt but did not make them pay any of it. What did the British make them pay though?

They taxed the colonies for their furture protection which was a very small amount.

Who ordered the Navaigation acts to be enforced and when

Priminister George Greenville in 1763

What was the sugar act and when was it done and who was it done by

Prime Minster Goerge Greenville did it in 1764 which which increased duties on sugar imported from the West Indies.

What was the quartering act and when was it done and who was it done by

It was done by Prime minister George Greenville in 1765. Colonists had to provide food and housing for British troops.

What was the stamp act and when was it done and who was it done by

It was done by Prime minister George Greenville in 1765. The Stamp Act mandated affixing stamps to commercial and legal documents, playing cards, newspapers, and dice.

Even though the stamp tax was so little why did the colonists have the most friction with it

It was a reminder that Britain was still in control of them even though there was salutary nelgect

What was the punishment for violating the stamp and sugar acts

Admirlty courts: you are guilty until proven innocent

Why did Grenville think the acts were fair

Englishmen in England paid way more than what colonists are paying

Virtual representation

The British gave representation to the colonists in their parliment but there were not actual representatives.

Why didn’t some colonists want representation from the British

Because then there wouldn’t be a reason to rebel against them

Representatives from 9 colonies came together to discuss what in 1765 and what did Britain do about it

They dicussed the stamp tax and the solution that they came up with is the boycott all British goods. British did not do anything about it, but it brought colonies together.

What did the Sons and Daughters of liberty do to people buying British goods

They covered them in tar and threw feathers on them

When did Parliment repeal the stamp act and what did they replace it with

They repealed it in 1766 and replaced it with the declatory act which allowed them to make laws for the colonies in any situation

When was the Townshend act passed and what did it do

Passed in 1767 and taxed everyday goods that are imported from Britain

In 1767 why was NY’s legislation shut down

They were not complying with the quartering act

How did the Boston Massacre start and when was it

In 1770 colonists were harassing some british soldiers and the british soldiers opened fire. This created an uproar that the British were killing colonists. It was propoganda because the british were provoked.

The townshend taxes were repealed but not the tea tax, why

To say that British still had some control over the colonists

The British East India company had a bunch of leftover tea so what did they do with it

They sold it to Americans for cheaper, but there was still was a tax on it

When was the boston tea party

1773

What acts was the punishment for the Boston Tea party and when was it established

The intolerable acts 1774

The Boston Port act

Boston port was closed until colonists paid for the tea

Massacheustes government act

Legislature was suspended

When was the first continental congress and what did it do

1774 and it just brought the colonies together to discuss the problems that they were going through. They sent it the parliment but the parliment ignored it

Why did the British send soldiers to Lexington and Concord and when did it happen

The British sent soldiers from Boston to Lexington and Concord to take weapons and arrest Samuel Adams and John Hancock.(advocators for the revolution). This was in 1775 and the a last militia formed to push the British back.

What was wrong about hiring the German Hession as soldiers by Britain

They were known for raping and pilaging

What type of fighting did the Colonists use to win the American Revolution

Oppurtunistic fighting: Only fighting when having the advantage

Why were blacks barred from fighting the American Revolution

In the plantation south, owners didnt want the blacks to have guns, because they might turn the guns on the owners.

What was the purpose of the second continental congress

It was not to have independence, but just wanted the king and queen to give into their demands

How did colonists approach the war in Bunker hill and when was it

In June of 1775 they seized bunker hill and mowed down british soldiers from the top until supplies ran out and then retreated.

Who won the war of Bunker hill

British, but they lost way too many men and supplies

What peach offering did colonists offer after The battle of Bunker hill

Olive Branch Petition

What was Thoman Pain’s main message in “common sense” and what did he call King George

He said to not befreind the monarch and then fight them (war of inconsistency) and he called George a tyrant.

How did Thomas Paine make people like his ideas

They were interlaced with ideas from the bible

Who drafted the declaration of independence and when was it published

July 4, 1776 and Thomas Jefferson

Who were Whigs and Torries

Whigs supported rebellion and tories supported the king

Why did the Washington loose at the Battle of Manhattan

He had an army of 18000 men while the british had 35000 men

How did Washington Surprise the Hessians at Trenton

Groge Washington was chased by British and went through manhattan, New Jersey, and eventually crossed the delware river. Then he surprise attacked the hessians.

How did Washington win another surprise attack at princeton

He then tricked the British by leaving campfires burning to make it look like his army was still there.

How did Spanish and Holland help with the war

They fought the British back home in England to make them weaker

The Treaty of Paris of 1783

Formally ending the American revolution

Why did Britain give Americans the Ohio Valley

they might have a chance to trade with the colonies again.

How was the Anglican church reformed after the revolution

Reformed into protestant church because they didn’t want it to be a part of the English.

Who dounded the first anti slavery slavery soceity

Quakers in 1775

How did Britain hurt American industries after the war

They flooded colonists markets with cheap British goods

When was the Articles of Confederation finished

1777 but was official in 1778

What was a major dispute between land in different states

Land can be sold of for future buyers to pay of debts by that state. Since only a few states were given western lands those states will have a better economy in the future and thats what other states feared.

What was the Northwest ordinance of 1785

Lands would go to federal government and the government will distribute EVENLY to all states when they are sold off.

How was the US a Loose confederation

There was no president or court system. Congress was weak, and each state had one vote. It took 2/3 of the states to pass laws and all 13 states for amendments.

Congress could not control trade or collect taxes. The states had a lot of power, which made it hard to get things done.

The Northwest ordinance is 1787

When a territory had 60000 population it would officially be a state.

Shays rebellion and when was it

IT was in 1786.The farmers were angry because they were in debt and losing their land due to high taxes. Led by Daniel Shays, they attacked courthouses to stop the government from taking their property.

What was Virginia’s large state plan

It was representation based on population. Disagreement because Virginia is a larger state so they get more say and power

What was New Jersey’s small state plan

1 vote per a state. Caused disagreement because larger states like Virgnia cannot have enough representation for all of its citizens.

What was the Great compromise

House of Representatives based on population, and the Senate with equal representation.

How did the Articles change how presdients are chosen in the elections

Instead of couting on the total amount of votes it would be the electoral college.

3/5 compromise

The Three-Fifths Compromise said enslaved people would be counted as three-fifths of a person when deciding how many representatives a state got in the House. This was because there mroe slaves in the south, there was a lot of people a states thought that would be unfair

What were Federalsits and Anti federlaists veiws on the Consitution

The Federalists supported the new Constitution and wanted a stronger national government. They were mostly educated and wealthy people.

The Anti-Federalists opposed it. They were often farmers and people who supported states having more power. They believed the Constitution gave too much power to the national government and was written by elites, making it less democratic.

How many states ratified the constituion for it to become official

9 out of 13 states

The federalist papers

These essays explained and defended the new Constitution and helped convince people in New York to support it. New York because they ahvent ratified it yet at this point of time.

Who was the first cheif justice

John Jay

What was Hamilton’s veiw on debts

We should pay back all debts with intrest so other countries would trust us and loan with us inn the future