Diseases of the Respiratory System

Flashcards summarizing key vocabulary and definitions related to diseases of the respiratory system.

Rhinitis

Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose.

Clinical Signs of Rhinitis

Serous, mucoid, or mucopurulent nasal discharge; sneezing; pawing at nose; coughing; encrustation on nares.

Epistaxis

Nosebleed usually associated with trauma, foreign objects, or tumors.

Sinusitis

Inflammation of the frontal or maxillary sinus, often caused by tooth root abscess in dogs.

Tonsillitis

Inflammation of the tonsils, presenting with anorexia, increased salivation, and painful mouth opening.

Laryngitis

Inflammation of the larynx, often resulting in loss of voice, caused by excessive vocalization or infection.

Infectious Canine Tracheobronchitis

Commonly known as 'Kennel cough,' a syndrome caused by various infectious agents including viruses and bacteria.

Collapsing Trachea

A defect in the tracheal rings leading to loss of firmness and collapse during respiration, common in certain breeds.

Feline Asthma

A condition characterized by bronchoconstriction, airway inflammation and hyperreactivity, leading to decreased airflow.

Feline Heartworm Disease

Less common in cats than dogs, characterized by severe clinical symptoms despite usually low worm burden.

Feline Herpesvirus

A highly contagious upper respiratory disease with severe symptoms in young kittens, transmitted via aerosol and contact.

Pleural Effusion

Build-up of fluid in the pleural space, causing respiratory distress and associated with conditions like heart failure.

Pulmonary Neoplasms

Primary lung tumors are uncommon in dogs; metastatic lung tumors are more frequent, notably from thyroid and mammary tumors.

Rhinitis causes

Viral, fungal,bacteria

Parasitefacial trauma

Foreign body

Allergic/ irritant

Rhinitis clinical signs

Serous Mucous nasal discharge

Sneezing, pawing at face

Cough/gagg

Encrustation on nose

Diagnosis rhinitis

Clinicals signs

Culture and sensitivity

Treatment Rhinitis

Clean nares gently

Systemic antibiotics

Vasoconstriction drugs

Antihistamine

Nasal tumor clinical signs

Unilateral Mucous discharge unresponsive to therapy

Nasal hemorrhage

Sneezing

Face swelling

Nasal tumor diagnosis

Radiographs

Endoscopy

Biopsy

Nasal tumor

Surgical removal

Recurrence common

Epistaxis

Nosebleed

Common with trauma

Epistaxis clinical signs / diagnosis

Bleeding nares

Fresh blood from nares - diagnosis

Treatment epistaxis

Stop bleeding

Vasoconstrictive drugs

Pressure

Vitamin k

Sinusitis

Pus in nasal area

Most common- tooth root abcess

Sinusitis signs

Swelling under eye

Unilateral discharge

Sinusitis diagnosis

Exam nasal / oral cavity

Radiographs

Culture and sensitivity

Sinusitis treatment

Antibiotics

Removal of infected tooth

Flushing of fistula tracts

Tonsillitis clinical signs

Anorexia

Increased salivation

Pain opening mouth

Tonsilitis diagnosis

Visualize swollen tonsil

Mucus or pus present

Tonsillitis treatment

Systemic antibiotic

Soft liquid diet

Analgesia

Surgical removal

Upper respitory tract diseases

Rhinitis

Nasal tumor

Epistaxis

Sinusitis

Tonsillitis

Laryngitis

Laryngitis clinical signs

Loss of voice / alteration

Mucus in back of throat

RABIES HANDLE WITH CARE

Laryngitis diagnosis

History

PE

Laryngitis treatment

Prevent barking

Antibiotics

Anti inflammatory meds

Lower respitory tract

Infectious canine tracheobronchitis

Collapsing trachea

Feline asthma

Feline heartworm

Feline viral respitory infections

Pleural effusion

Fungal disease

Pulmonary neoplasm

Infectious canine tracheobronchitis

Kennel cough

Collection of viruses

K9 parainfluenza viruses

Canine adenosine viruses

K9 herpesvirus

Requires

BORDETELLA BRONCISEPTIA

Diagnosis infect, k9 tracheobronchitis

Cough on trachea palpation

Cough

Infectious k9 broncheoitis treatment

Antibiotics

Glucocorticoids

Anti tussive- cough medicine

Bronchodilators

Collapsing trachea

Middle age to old obese toy and mini breeds

YORKIES

Trachea rings are made of?

Hyaline cartilage

Trachea collapse clinical signs

Worse on excersize

Goose honk

Excitement with collar

Heart disease

Trachea collapse diagnosis

Goose honk on trachea palpation

Radiographs

Bronchealscopy

Ultrasound

Fluroscopy

Collapsing trachea treatment

Symptomatic= slow breathing

Feline asthma clinical signs

Acute onset of labored breathing

Cough ( may be chronic)

Wheezing

Lethargy

Feline asthma diagnosisn

No PE finding are diagnostic

Radiographs shaow doughnuts = prominent bronchial marking consistent with Airway inflammation

Feline asthma treatment

Manage Airway inflammation with high dose

Long term corticosteroid therapy.

Bronchodilators

Oxygen therapy

Feline heartworm disease

Loss common

Self limiting

Feline herpes virus is also called

Feline viral rhinotracheitis

Feline herpes virus

Highly contagious

Extreme in severe young kittens

Inactivates in 18- 24 hours

Aerosolization spreads in air

She’d up to 3 weeks after infection

Feline herpes virus ( rhinovirus)

Acute sneezing

Conjunctivitis

PURULENT rhinitis

Fever

Ucler

Excessive salvation

Feline herpes virus treatment

Fluid therapy

Antibiotics

Anti viral - business

Prevention= vaccine

Feline calicivirus (major one )

Transmitting through direct contact

High morbidity and low mortality

Sever in kittens 2-6months

Resistant to disinfectant

Feline Calicivirus clinical signs

Fever

Serous mucoid nasal discharge

Pneumonia

Arthritisin kittens

Limping kitten syndrome

Diarrhea

Pleural effusion

Build up of fluid in pleural space

Results respitory distress

Several diseases associated

CHF

INTRATHORWCIC NEOPLASIA

PYOTHORAX

CHYLOTHORAX

Pulmonary neoplasm.

Adenocarcinomas (70-80%)

Seen 9-12 yr old k9

Mentation lung tumors

Thyoid and mammary gland tumors

Primary neoplasia signs

Nonproductive cough

Excersie tiredness

Weight loss/ poor condition

Dysphagia/Vomiting

Anorexia