PSYCH MOD 1:🧪OS Chapter 1 Read Along Q&A

What are the three features that are central to Carl Rogers's client-centered therapy?

unconditional positive regard, empathy, genuineness

Lucy wants to study changes in physical attributes, cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ________ psychology.

developmental

Which famous female psychologist completed all of the requirements for a doctorate in psychology but was denied that degree because of her sex?

Mary Whiton Calkins

Who was the first African American to receive a PhD in psychology in the United States?

Francis Cecil Sumner

What things are a part of feminist psychology?

-discovering the contributions of women to psychology

-questioning the practice of science itself when it is male biased

-studying psychological gender differences

Which kind of psychologist would be consulted in jury selection and witness preparation?

forensic

The cognitive revolution created an impetus for psychologists to focus their attention on better understanding ________.

the mind and mental processes that underlie behavior

Which of the following is one of the reasons that Gestalt psychology did not become more popular in the United States?

The rise of behaviorism overshadowed Gestalt psychology.

When studying personality traits, someone who is hardworking, dependable, and organized will score high on the ________ trait.

conscientiousness

Cognitive psychology focuses on studying ________.

thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and our actions

Penelope studies how the structure and function of the nervous system is related to behavior. She is a ________.

biopsychologist

In looking at the area of multicultural psychology, what is a recognized deficit of this particular area of study?

It can describe what happens between cultures, but not explain why those differences occur.

What should be changed to make the following statement true? Jean Piaget is famous for his theories regarding changes in emotional ability that occur as we move from infancy to adulthood.

The word "emotional" should be changed to the word "cognitive."

According to William James, what was the true purpose of psychology?

Studying the function of behavior in the world

Which of the following exemplifies the empirical method?

Dr. Sarkeesian observes and records how watching cartoons influences heart rates.

Susan wants to study prejudice, attraction, how we explain our own behavior versus how we explain the behavior of others, and how we resolve interpersonal conflicts. Susan should conduct research in the area of ________.

social psychology

Dr. Singh has just completed her Ph.D. program and is now applying for a year-long program at a nationally-recognized hospital. If accepted, she will greatly advance her knowledge of behavioral neuroscience. Dr. Singh is applying for a(n) ________ training program.

postdoctoral

Which of the following choices refers to a broad explanation or group of explanations for some aspect of the natural world that is consistently supported by evidence over time?

scientific theory

While Wilhelm Wundt, a structuralist theorist, described structuralism focuses on understanding the conscious experience, William James a functionalism focused on

-mental adaptation to the environment

-mental activities as adaptive responses

-introspection

-more objective measures.

Which perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.

Humanism

For which concept is Abraham Maslow best known?

Proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior

Psychology refers to the ________.

scientific study of the mind and behavior.

Adjunct faculty members and instructors usually both must have an advanced degree in psychology. Why would someone choose to work as an adjunct instructor rather than a professor?

-another career outside academia

-gain experience in teaching

Guillermo spends some time each day applying the principles of structuralism to examine his own conscious experience as carefully as possible. Guillermo is engaged in ________.

introspection

What do structuralism, Gestalt psychology, and Sigmund Freud all have in common?

They were all concerned with describing and understanding the inner experience.

Which of the following is a criticism of structuralism?

The process was highly subjective.

A series of dots arranged in the shape of a face will be perceived as a face, not a series of dots. A psychologist studying this phenomenon is applying the principals of ________.

Gestalt psychology

Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. What area of psychology should she work in?

clinical psychology

Which of the following is an example of research someone might conduct in the area of health psychology?

whether people working at a desk are more likely to be obese

In the study of personality, the ________ model includes different traits that are believed to underlie each individual's basic tendencies.

Five-Factor

Which choice is an accurate definition of a hypothesis?

A tentative explanation

__________, a student of Wilhelm Wundt developed Wundt's ideas into an area called structuralism, a field that focused on understanding the contents rather than the function of mental processes.

(Edward) Titchener

Functionalist psychologists focus on the function of behavior and ________.

the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts

________ is the active application of a set of skills to information for the understanding and evaluation of that information.

critical thinking