3.) Degree of success of Craig's government in meeting these challenges by 1925.

• By Craig’s stopping of the Boundary Commission in 1925, brought him and fellow unionists a sense of s… and were delighted with his success?

• Unionists viewed the boundary commission as a “m…t…” to NI.

• What event in the south had already delayed the establishment of the commission until 1925?

• Feetham, English Conservative was deliberately chosen to ensure a favourable result for the Ulster Unionists and exploited the ambiguity of Article 12 to propose ‘tiny changes to the broder’ and the return of some parts of the Free State to the UK. At the Irish government’s request the report was suppressed. What was the result?

• Security

• Major threat

• Civil War

• The border was left unchanged and the Council of Ireland was abolished.

Draconian powers, violence and alienation

• Often many attacks on either side were r…

• When DI Swanzy from Lisburn was killed by the IRA in Cork, who was it in retaliation for the murder of?

• In return, the Unionists launched a massive p… against Catholics in Lisburn, Belfast and elsewhere.

• During this, how many Catholics were driven from their homes?

• How many were expelled from their jobs? And well over 300 were killed and nearly 1,000 wounded by unionists.

• Reprisals

• The murder of Sinn Féin mayor of Cork.

• Pogrom

• 8,000

• 6,000

• In October 1920, the Ulster Special Constabulary is established. What was this?

• Many of the constables were implicated in a number of Catholic murders, give the name of an infamous murder of a Catholic family in Belfast?

• By the early 1921-1922, Protestant newspapers concealed the fact that 2/3rds of the casulties were Catholic, however, what fraction of the population in Belfast did this make up?

• In May 1922, due to the murder of a unionist MP, internment was introduced, of all the … internees, all were Catholic.

• Give a common punishment internees underwent causing severe distress and resentment?

• An exclusively Protestant paramilitary police force that was funded by the British government, but was entirely under the Ulster unionists’ countrol.

• McMahon family

• ¼

• 700

• Flogging

• Due to the introduction of gerrymandering, and the de facto barrier of owning land to be franchised, how many poorer voters were deprived in NI at the time of the 1922 Local Government Act?

• 250,000

• By 1922, by how much did unemployment exceed?

• 20%

• What was the name of the committee and award in 1925 which served as a success for Craig, reducing the ‘imperial contribution’ payable by Belfast, recommending social welfare payments be subsidised by London.

• True/False, Despite this Craig still failed, as he refused to address the fundamental economic problems ensuring widespread poverty, especially among Catholics who bore the brunt of his failure.

• The Colwyn Committee/Award

• True

Education

• Name the vocal critic of the Catholic Church appointed by Craig to head the committee to design the new education system for NI 1922.

• He faces fierce opposition from the C + P clergy and so the 1923 Education act is passed, creating state and Catholic maintained schools.

• Are there equal funding for both?

• While Lord Londonderry (Education minister) was at home in England in 1925, Craig was under pressure by the Orange Order and Protestant clergy to provide Bible instruction in the state schools and give Protestant clergymen a say in the appointment of teachers… does he do so? Yes/No

• Robert Lynn

• Catholic and Protestant clergy

• No, Protestant schools have greater facilities, funding, economic opportunities.

• Yes