CST Exam Prep (Board Vitals)

How many team members are required to transfer an unmobile conscious, or unconscious pt from stretcher to OR table?

Four

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following describes a subcutaneous mastectomy?

A procedure that removes the breast while leaving the skin, nipple, and areola intact.

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following blood vessels supplies perfusion to the brain?

Internal carotid artery

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following coronary arteries supplies the true posterior portion of the myocardium?

Right coronary artery

3 multiple choice options

What is the CST's primary responsibility when assembling equipment, such as drills and saws, for the surgeon?

Verify the instrument is functioning

3 multiple choice options

Describe the best technique for obtaining the towel from the top of the sterile gown as you transition from the non-sterile to sterile role after performing the surgical scrub.

Taking great care not to drip water on the opened sterile wrapper or its contents, grasp the towel with your fingers from the top of the sterile gown without touching the gown, your sterile glove wrapper, or the gown wrapper with your fingers or hand.

Which of the following procedures will be used to repair a stricture resulting from infection or trauma or the urethral meatus?

Urethral meatotomy (A urethral meatotomy is the procedure in which the external urethral meatus is enlarged with an infection).

A breast biopsy was performed, and the mass removed en bloc. This is considered what type of biopsy?

Excisional biopsy

Which of the following is a complication associated with a diabetic patient?

Delayed healing

Patients with severe and symptomatic spinal stenosis will require to undergo a/an?

Laminectomy

A teenager who is scheduled to undergo surgery will likely be primarily concerned with which of the following?

Body image

Correction of a Hallus valgus involves which of the following structures?

Great toe

Sponge, sharp and instrument counts are important parts of the pt's intraoperative record, and should be recorded in the chart as documentation of every surgical procedure. What information is NOT recorded as part of this process?

The exact time of day that the counts were performed.

Which of the following drains is considered an active drain?

Jackson-Pratt

When an abdominal aortic aneurysm has ruptured, which of the following is the procedure of choice to repair the tear?

Graft placement

Silk, cotton, and Mersilene are all examples of what

Braided sutures

What is the medical term for leaking urine while coughing or jumping?

Incontinence

Which 3 layers in vessels comprise the "tunica"?

intima, media, adventitia

While dissecting a lipoma free, the surgeon cuts through a vessel. The surgeon instructs the ST to assist with cauterization of that vessel, when the surgeon:

Clamps the vessel with a hemostat

The ST is preparing to help the surgeon close on an aortic valve replacement. The surgeon is using a looped PDS suture to close the chest wall. Which of the following cutting devices should the ST have ready to pass to the assistant?

Straight Mayo scissors

Which of the following is the most distal portion of the GI tract?

Sigmoid colon

The most proximal portion of the small bowel, connecting the stomach to the jejunum

Duodenum

The second portion of the small bowel, connecting the duodenum to the ileum

Jejunum

The third portion of the small bowel, connecting the jejunum to the cecum.

Ileum

The proximal portion of the large bowel, connecting the ileum to the colon.

Cecum

What are tiny air sacs clustered at the end of the bronchioles?

Alveoli (responsible for facilitating oxygen exchange with each breath).

Which of the following is the muscle of the urinary bladder?

Detrusor

What is the reason for using the very smallest amount of oxidized cellulose possible during a surgical procedure and removing it once hemostasis is achieved?

It is less readily absorbed and carries a risk for foreign body reactions.

A fine Rosen needle is an otorhinolaryngology instrument used to:

Fracture the stapes during a stapedectomy.

Which of the following thoracic instruments is considered a biopsy forceps?

Jackson

As the patient is being placed in Trendelenburg during the procedure, the ST must be attentive to the location of what?

Mayo stand

Which hormone causes the uterus to contract during childbirth?

Oxytocin

You have injured your foot during a 5K race. At the physician's office visit, the physician asks you to point your toe as if you want to dip it in water. What is the joint movement of the ankle that will allow you to point your toe?

Plantar Flexion

What is the intraoperative medical condition characterized by elevated temp. and uncontrolled muscle spasms?

Malignant hyperthermia

A pt undergoes a carpal tunnel release. The surgeon requests that a tourniquet is used. If the tourniquet time exceeds the recommended inflation time, how long should the tourniquet be let down prior to reinflation?

10 min

Which of the following perioperative complications occurs when the surgical entry site re-opens?

Dehiscence

The CST must don a sterile gown and sterile gloves, prior to approaching their sterile field. They are to never fold their arms and place palms in their axillary region of their gown. This is because?

The axillary regions are not considered sterile.

A surgeon is performing an appendectomy using a McBurney's incision. After separating the muscle layers, the surgeon identifies the appendix and requests the CST (certified surgical technologist) to pass off which of the following instruments?

Babcock

Which of the following forceps would be used to grasp and manipulate the lung?

Duval

Which of the following is a single-use 30-min sterilization system for endoscopes?

STERIS

Which of the following is true regarding the positioning and prepping of a pt undergoing ophthalmic surgery?

Patients are generally in the supine position, prepped with betadine solution and paint.

Immovable joints are classified as which of the following?

Synarthrotic

A TURP, or transurethral resection of the prostate, is a surgical procedure performed when the prostate hypertrophies and puts pressure on the male urethra. What instrument will be used prior to the surgeon inserting the resectoscope?

Van Buren sounds

Performing a surgical procedure without the patient's informed consent is regarded as

Battery

A clamping instrument is designed to do what?

Occlude tissue

Which of the following positions involves lying the patient face up with the head tilted below the feet?

Trendelenburg surgical position

The CST must do what prior to accepting medications onto the sterile field?

Verify the name and dosage of the medication.

which of the following types of infection is defined by the presence of bacteria in the blood

Bacteremia

Which of the following graspers will the CST have ready for use in an appendectomy?

Babcock

Which of the following retractors would be most used in open liver procedures?

Harrington (also known as "sweetheart" is the retractor of choice to manipulate and elevate the tissue in liver cases.

Which of the following scrubbing techniques requires a certain number of strokes per anatomical plane?

Counted brush stroke method

Which of the following medications will the CST have ready for most vascular cases?

Heparin

Which leukocytes make up the largest percentage?

Neutrophils

Only make up <1% of leukocutes

Basophils

Make up 1-3% of leukocytes

Eosinophils

Make up 3-9% of leukocytes

Monocytes

Which of the following telescopes is used to view the inside of a joint?

Arthroscope

Which telescope is used to view the urinary bladder

Cystoscope

Telescope used to view abdominal and pelvic surgeries

Laparoscope

Telescope used to view the uterus

Ureteroscope

What is the gas outlet color for nitrogen

Black

What is the outlet color for air

yellow

What is the outlet color for oxygen

green

Which would be the most likely incision for an open pyelolithotomy?

Flank incision (provides best access to the renal hilum).

To instill CO2 gas, what needle is connected to the tubing receiving the gas?

Veress needle

Which of the following are classified as non-living particles?

Viruses

Living microorganisms that are also known as prokaryotes

Bacteria

Round forms adopted by bacteria in extreme conditions, such as arid environments or changes in temperature.

Spores

Microorganisms that feed off a host without providing a return benefit

Parasites

A patient is rushed to the operating room subsequent to being exposed to a loud explosion. The pt suddenly cannot hear. upon exam, the patient has injured their tympanic membrane, which procedure should then take place?

Tympanoplasty

Which of the following types of infection occurs due to a gangrene limb with a gas forming organism?

Gas gangrene

Which of the following is another name for succinylcholine?

Anectine (brand name, ultra short acting muscle relaxant for IV administration).

Which of the following procedures involves the removal of mucosa from the maxillary sinus?

Caldwell-Luc

(performed when intranasal antrostomy [opening of sinus] has failed and to remove diseased portions of the antral wall and clearance of content in the sinus)

Which of the following statements is true?

A package that is permeable is always considered contaminated when dropped.

Which of the following types of infectious conditions occurs when pathogens spread along the fascial planes?

Necrotizing Fasciitis

Which of the following perioperative complications occurs when there is bleeding from the wound?

Surgical site hemorrhage

Which of the following pieces of equipment uses cavitation to loosen and remove tiny pieces of residual debris from instrumentation?

Ultrasonic cleaner

AST's standards of practice pertaining to instrument counts consist of _____________?

Documented counts in the patient's intraoperative record should include the names and titles of team members who performed the counts.

Which of the following procedures carries the risk of infection of an osseous fla[?

Craniotomy

Pt's at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias might undergo which of the following procedures?

Internal cardio-defibrillator

Which of the following classifications of hormones are derived from cholesterol?

Steroids

Where is the sterile field established in the operating room?

Furthest from the door

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding a laparoscopic appendectomy?

If the surgeon is utilizing a Hasson cannula, the Verres needle is not required.

Open cholecystectomy requires a right subcostal incision, what is the name of this incision?

Kocher

A small oblique incision in the lower right quadrant, typically used for appendectomy?

McBurney's

A low transverse abdominal incision typically used in gynecologic surgery?

Pfannenstiel

An incision similar to the McBurney's, in the lower quadrants, but is straight across instead of oblique?

Rocky-Davis

Which of the following can be used for dissection and hemostasis?

Bovie pencil

Which of the following should be done when using steam to sterilize rubber tubing?

Leave a residual amount of distilled water inside the lumen of the tubing.

(facilitates displacement of air with boiling during the sterilization process).

While counting instruments, how is a broken instrument handled?

Tag it and keep it on the field

Which of the following conditions is an indication for a Nissen fundoplication?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

What is the first step team members must perform when opening sterile items?

Check the integrity of the outer package

Many pediatric anomalies are now diagnosed before birth, and many can be corrected in utero or immediately after birth to offer better outcomes. One such anomaly is an omphalocele. What is the description of an omphalocele?

As the baby develops the intestines get longer and thrust out from the belly into the umbilical cord. This happens between weeks 6-10. Usually, by the eleventh week of pregnancy, the intestines will go back into the belly.

Which of the following procedures would establish a new connection between the common bile duct and duodenum?

Choledochoduodenostomy

The cecum is located near which anatomic structure?

Beginning of the large intestine

Which of the following represents the most distal bones within the hand?

Phalanges

An Acoustic Neuroma is described as:

A benign tumor that arises from the Schwann cells of the eighth cranial nerve

The surgeon has just performed a cesarean section and notices a hole in the bowel. What abdominal retractor should the ST tell the circulator to obtain?

Bookwalter

Which of the following cannot be used as a sterilization wrap for ETO?

Polyvinylchloride

Which is true of seals for packaging materials?

They must not unexpectedly open in storage