Psychopathology and Psychological Psychology chapter 15

A complete set of vocabulary flashcards covering the fundamental concepts of psychopathology, various psychological disorders, and their related symptoms and perspectives.

Psychopathology

The scientific study of psychological disorders, including their symptoms, causes, and treatment.

Ethiology

The cause or origin of a psychological disorder.

Atypical (Statistical Deviance)

Behavior that is rare or statistically uncommon.

Cultural Expectations

Behavior that violates the norms or expectations of a culture.

Harmful Dysfunction

A disorder exists when there is a dysfunction causing harm or impairment.

Diagnosis

The process of identifying a disorder based on symptoms.

Comorbidity

The presence of two or more disorders at the same time.

Supernatural Perspective

Disorders are caused by supernatural forces.

Biological Perspective

Disorders are caused by genetics, brain structure, or neurotransmitters.

Diathesis-Stress Model

Disorders develop from a predisposition combined with stress.

Specific Phobia

Intense irrational fear of a specific object or situation.

Agoraphobia

Fear of situations where escape is difficult.

Social Anxiety Disorder

Fear of social situations involving judgment.

Safety Behaviors

Actions taken to reduce anxiety in social situations.

Panic Attack

Sudden intense fear with physical symptoms like heart racing.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Chronic excessive worry about many areas of life.

Obsessions

Intrusive unwanted thoughts.

Compulsions

Repetitive behaviors to reduce anxiety.

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Preoccupation with imagined physical flaws.

PTSD

Disorder after experiencing severe trauma.

Major Depressive Disorder

Persistent sadness and loss of interest.

Bipolar Disorder

Mood swings between depression and mania.

Manic Episode

Period of elevated mood and high energy.

Neurotransmitters

Chemicals like serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine affecting mood.

Hopelessness Theory

Depression caused by negative interpretations of events.

Suicide Risk Factors

Depression, stress, isolation, substance abuse, past attempts.

Schizophrenia

Severe disorder with distorted thinking and perception.

Hallucinations

False sensory experiences.

Delusions

False beliefs not based in reality.

Paranoid Delusions

Belief others intend harm.

Grandiose Delusions

Belief in special powers or importance.

Catatonic Behavior

Reduced or abnormal movement.

Dissociative Amnesia

Memory loss after trauma.

Dissociative Fugue

Travel with loss of identity.

Depersonalization

Distorted sense of self.

Derealization

World feels unreal.

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Multiple distinct identities.

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Eccentric behavior and odd beliefs.

Borderline Personality Disorder

Emotional instability and fear of abandonment.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Lack of empathy and disregard for others.

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Social inhibition and fear of rejection.