Skin: Appendages: Subcutaneous Tissue: Secreting Glands

stratum corneum

horny layer; outer layer of the epidermis

Stratum Lucidum

Clear or translucent layer of the epidermis

Stratum Granulosum

granular layer of the epidermis

Stratum Spinosum

Prickle cell layer of the epidermis

Stratum Germinativum

Germinal or basal layer of the epidermis

Stratum papillare

Papillary layer of the dermis

Stratum Reticulare

Reticular layer of the dermis

Epidermis

- Outer layer of skin

- It is also called

squamous

since

superficial

layers of cells

have become

flat and scaly.

Horny or Outer layer (stratum corneum)

Epidermis: Composed of several thicknesses of degenerated

cells that have become mere scales with no cellular

structure.

Translucent or Clear layer (Stratum Lucidum)

Epidermis: Consists of tiers of cells that have lost their nuclei

and cellular outlines due to the degenerative

process.

granular layer (stratum granulosum)

Epidermis: Composed of two or three tiers of flattened cells

containing granules.

prickle cell layer (stratum spinosum)

Epidermis:

Consists of several tiers of many-sided cells

Germinal or basal cell layer (Stratum Basale)

Epidermis:

- Consists of a layer of columnar cells that

forms the deepest part of the epidermis.

- Contain a pigment that determines the

darkness of skin.

Dermis

- Corium, or true skin

- It is composed of

loose (areolar)

connective tissue with

widely separated cells,

with fibrous bands and

elastic tissue fibers

between.

Papillary layer

Dermis: Its outer surface is elevated into tiny

projections with hollows between them.

Reticular layer

Dermis:

- The cells and fibers form an interlacing

network.

- Blood vessels and nerves pass through this

layer to reach the papillary layer.

Nail root

Nail: Proximal part that is covered by a fold of

skin, and hidden from view.

Body of the nail

Exposed part, with its free edge projecting

over the tip of the digit.

Lunula

is the white part of the nail body,

shaped like a half-moon close to the nail root.

Eponychium

Outer horny layer of epidermis at the base of

the nail that tends to grow out over the nail

body.

Hair

Modification of the epidermis

Hair follicle

A small canal opening upon the skin surface and

extending down the dermis or even the

subcutaneous tissue.

Root of a hair

Part below the skin level lying in a hair follicle.

bulb

Inner enlarged end of each hair root

Sebaceous Gland

O Small secreting glands that lie

beside and open into hair follicles.

O Secretes oily substance called

sebum.

O Lubricates hair and skin.

sweat or sudoriferous glands

O Simple tubelike glands consisting of a

single canal or duct, and a coiled

secreting part.

O Secrete watery solution containing

sodium chloride and minute quantities

of other waste products including urea.

ceruminous glands

O Modified sweat

glands located in

the external ear

that secrete wax

into the external

acoustic (auditory

meatus)

Subcutaneous Tissue

O Consists of areolar (loose

connective tissue) forms a layer

between the skin and such

structures as muscles, bones, or

organs that lie deep to the skin.

Secreting Glands

O Glands are organized units of

epithelial cells that extract raw

materials from capillaries and

intercellular spaces and

manufacture new substances or

secretions.