World History Topic 8

Hyperinflation

An extremely rapid and sharp increase in prices

Adolf Hitler

Born in Austria, 1889, made Nazi Party, organized supporters, Beer Hall Putsch, wrote Mein Kampf

Mein Kampf

(My struggle) detailed ideas of extreme nationalism, racism, and anti-semitism, became core pieces of his future government

Night of Long Knives

Purged his own party of those who were disloyal

Third Reich

rise of the third German Empire, Nazi propaganda, totalitarian state, secret police called Gestapo

Totalitarian State

A state with one party that has full control over the people and government

Gestapo

secret police who would terrorize those who opposed Hitler in order to invoke fear

Nuremberg Laws

took away Jew’s citizenship, disallowed them from marrying non-Jews, couldn’t attend German schools or universities, no government jobs

Krisallnacht

(Night of broken glass) Jewish stores were smashed and robbed, 1,000 synagoges burned, and 7,000 Jewish businesses destroyed, 30,000 Jews forced into concentration camps

Command Economy

government officials make all basic economic decisions

Collectives

large farms owned and operated by peasants in a group

Gulag

system of brutal labor camps where many died

Old Bolsheviks

early party activitsts

Cult of Personality

create an idealized and heroic image of a glorious leader, make them appear as almost godlike

Mussolini

fervent nationalist at end of WW1, formed fascist party in 1919, promised to end corruption, return Italy to order, receive Roman greatness of old

Black Shirts

went around and smashed up socialist rallies and harrassed politicians

March on Rome

1922, tens of thousands of Mussolini’s fascists filed into the capital, King asked Mussolini to become prime minister due to fear of what might happen with his supporters. By 1929, Mussolini would have full control of the government

Fascism

any centralized, authoritarian government that is not communist whose policies glorify that state over the individual and are destructive to basic human rights

Long March

where Mao and about 100,000 followers traveled 6,000 miles from 1934-35

Ultra Nationalists

extreme nationalists- in Japan were upset due to struggling economy in 1920’s, agreeing to not expand to foreign territory

Lost Generation

A group who felt disillusioned with society after the horrors of WW1

Kellogg-Briand Pact

1928, which essentially outlawed war

New Deal

a massive package of social and economic programs

Appeasement

giving in to the demands of an aggressor to maintain peace

Pacifism

opposition to war

Axis powers

Germany, Italy, Japan

Anschluss

Germany takes over Austria, March 1938

Munich Conference

Hitler meets with Britain and France, they agree that Czechoslovakia had to give over territory to Germany

Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

where they promised to not fight each other and divide Poland