Ohio's State AIR Test - American History Quick Review Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering major eras in American History from 1877 to the present, focusing on Ohio's State AIR Test standards.

Red Scare ($1919-1920$)

A period characterized by the arrest and deportation of many aliens due to fears of revolution in the U.S. sparked by the Bolshevik Revolution and post-war labor strikes.

Nativism

A policy or belief that led to the establishment of immigration quotas during the early $20^{th}$ century.

Harlem Renaissance

A celebration of African-American culture, art, and literature that instilled pride in African heritage and increased awareness of the problems of urban life.

19th Amendment

An amendment to the Constitution that brought more women into the political process and allowed them to hold public office through women's suffrage.

18th Amendment

An amendment that established prohibition, which was difficult to enforce and eventually repealed by the 21st Amendment.

Buying on margin

A form of stock market speculation where investors purchased stocks with borrowed money; its collapse led to the loss of fortunes during the Great Depression.

New Deal

A series of efforts and programs, such as the NRA and WPA, designed to help the economy recover by creating jobs and establishing reforms for the elderly, farmers, and laborers.

Lend-Lease

A policy used by the U.S. to aid countries fighting against fascist aggression prior to fully entering World War II.

Double V Campaign

A slogan and drive used by African Americans during World War II to promote victory over fascism abroad and victory over racism at home.

Navajo Code Talkers

American Indians who used their native languages to transmit secret tactical messages for the military during World War II.

Bracero Program

A program that allowed Mexican immigrants to enter the United States as temporary laborers during World War II.

Brown v. Board of Education

A landmark judicial case that led to the end of legal segregation in public schools.

Baby Boom

An increase in the birth rate following World War II that contributed to increased demand for goods and services and the growth of suburbs.

1965 Immigration Act

Legislation that allowed more individuals from Asia, Africa, and Latin America to enter the United States.

Containment policy

A strategy started in the $1940 ext{s}$ to stop the spread of communism in Eastern Europe and later in Asia.

Marshall Plan

A U.S. program providing economic aid to Western Europe to help rebuild and contain the spread of communism.

McCarthyism

A campaign led by Senator McCarthy that played on public fears of communist infiltration in the U.S. government through unsupported charges.

HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee)

A committee that conducted investigations into communist subversion in the U.S., often challenging civil liberties.

TSA (Transportation Security Administration)

An agency created to balance national security with civil liberties in the post-$9/11$ era.

Credibility

The believability of a source determined by author qualifications, accuracy, internal consistency, and lack of bias.

Big Stick Diplomacy

A policy of international leadership and intervention pursued by the U.S. as it emerged as a world power in the early $1900 ext{s}$.

Northwest Ordinance

A historical document that established precedents for governing territories, including the prohibition of slavery and the encouragement of public education.

Federalism

A system of government where power is delineated and distributed between the national government and the states.

Laissez-faire

An economic policy of government non-interference that allowed for the rise of monopolies and trusts during industrialization.

Muckrakers

Journalists who exposed social injustices and political corruption during the Progressive Era.

Plessy v. Ferguson ($1896$)

A Supreme Court decision that affirmed racial segregation under the 'separate but equal' doctrine.