Gr. 10 Canadian History

WW1, 1920's, 1930's, WW2 & The Cold War

Kaiser Wilhelm II

The leader of Germany during the Great War.

Gavrilo Princip

The member of the Black Hand Gang who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

The heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne whose assassination triggered the Great War.

War Measures Act

A statute that gave the Canadian government broad emergency powers, used in both the Great War and WWII against Japanese-Canadians.

Schlieffen Plan

Germany's military strategy to avoid a two-front war by invading France quickly through Belgium.

Lusitania

A British passenger liner sunk by a German U-boat in 1915, influencing the US entry into the war.

Billy Bishop

A famous Canadian Flying Ace during the Great War credited with 72 victories.

Arthur Currie

The first Canadian commander of the Canadian Corps, known for the success at Vimy Ridge.

Robert Borden

The Prime Minister of Canada during the Great War who introduced conscription.

War Time Elections Act

A 1917 law that gave the vote to female relatives of Canadian soldiers serving overseas.

Triple Entente

The military alliance between Britain, France, and Russia during the Great War.

Triple Alliance

The military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy during the Great War.

Sam Hughes

Canada's Minister of Militia and Defence during the early part of the Great War, often remembered for the Ross Rifle controversy.

Persons Case

The 1929 landmark legal victory by the Famous Five establishing that women are legally considered "persons" under the law.

League of Nations

An international organization formed after the Great War to maintain world peace, which Wilson supported.

Winnipeg General Strike

A massive 1919 labor conflict involving over 30,000 workers that culminated in "Bloody Saturday."

Byng–King Crisis

A 1926 constitutional crisis involving Governor General Byng and Prime Minister Mackenzie King.

Black Tuesday

October 29, 1929, the day the stock market crashed, marking the beginning of the Great Depression.

Relief Vouchers

Coupons provided by the government during the Great Depression to be exchanged for essentials like food and fuel.

Bennett Buggies

Cars with their engines removed and pulled by horses, named after Prime Minister R.B. Bennett during the Depression.

On to Ottawa Trek

A 1935 protest where relief camp workers hopped freight trains to demand better conditions from the government.

Munich Agreement

A 1938 settlement where Britain and France allowed Germany to annex the Sudetenland in exchange for peace.

Appeasement

The policy of making concessions to dictatorial powers, such as Hitler, to avoid war.

Anschluss

The 1938 political union of Austria and Nazi Germany.

Fascism

A political ideology characterized by dictatorial power and extreme nationalism, practiced by Mussolini and Hitler.

Blitzkrieg

"Lightning war," a German military tactic using mobile forces and locally concentrated firepower to create rapid breakthroughs.

Sitzkreig

A phase at the beginning of WWII with little active warfare, often called the "Phoney War."

Holocaust

The systematic state-sponsored genocide of European Jews and other groups by the Nazi regime.

National Resources Mobilization Act

A 1940 Canadian act for the mobilization of human and material resources for home defense.

Zombies

A derogatory nickname for Canadian conscripts who refused to serve overseas during World War II.

BCATP

The British Commonwealth Air Training Plan, a massive program to train Allied aircrews in Canada.

Final Solution

The Nazi policy of exterminating European Jews during World War II.

Juno Beach

The 8-kilometre Canadian landing zone during the D-Day invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944.

Iron Curtain

A term coined by Winston Churchill for the political barrier dividing Soviet-controlled Europe from the West.

Igor Gouzenko

A Soviet cipher clerk who defected in Ottawa in 1945, exposing a Soviet spy ring in Canada.

Suez Canal

The site of a 1956 crisis leading to the creation of the first UN emergency force by Lester B. Pearson.

NORAD

The North American Aerospace Defense Command, a binational military pact for air defense.

DEW Line

The Distant Early Warning Line, a network of radar stations in the Arctic designed to detect Soviet bombers.

Baby Boom

A period of significantly increased birth rates in North America following World War II.