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E1
requires cofactor TPP, departure of CO2 leaves a hydroxyethyl group attached to TPP
E2
TPP is regenerated & the hydroxyethyl; group is oxidized to form an acetyl group
E2 then
transfers the acetyl group to coenzyme A; acetyl-CoA is generated and E2 is left with s reduced lipoamide group
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency causes
less NADH and FADH2 to be generated → less ATP is produced; accumulated pyruvate is reduced to lactate → acidosis