🍏 climate

weather vs climate? (1)

• the set of environmental patterns from day to day (short period of time)

• the set of environmental patterns averaged over years (long period of time)

  • temperature, winds, precipitation

three climate zones? (1)

• tropical zone relatively warm temperatures

• temperate zone temperature varies, experiences cold and warm seasons

• polar zone relatively cold temperatures

5 canadian biomes? (1)

• tundra

• mountain forest

• grasslands

• deciduous temperate forest

• boreal forest

ecozones? (1)

climate zones focusing on the ecology of a region

how are ecozones different from biomes?(1)

Ecozones are different from biomes because neighbouring ecozones are separated by a geological feature such as an ocean, desert, mountain, or soil

what three factors did koppen take into account in his system? (1)

• average monthly temperature

• average monthly precipitation

• average annual precipitation

what percent of solar radiation is absorbed or reflected? (2)

70% is absorbed and 30% is reflected

what happens as energy is absorbed into the earth? (2)

• it gains thermal energy and converts it to infrared radiation

• energy absorbed by earth and atmosphere = energy radiated by earth

albedo? (2)

• a measure of the percentage of light that an object reflects

• the higher the albedo, the greater the object’s ability to reflect sunlight

the “albedo effect”? (2)

• if earth’s temperature slightly drops, more ice forms

  • this ice reflects more of the sun’s radiation and earth’s temperature decreases even more

• if earth’s temperature slightly increases, more ice melts

  • more of the sun’s radiation is absorbed, and earth’s temperature increases even more

three ways that thermal energy is transferred? (2)

radiation, convection, and conduction

radiation? (2)

• transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves

• can travel through empty space

• ex. heat coming from sun/campfire

conduction? (2)

• transfer of energy through contact

  • transfer of heat is always from an area of high temperature to a low one

  • ex. a metal pot handle heating up on a stove

convection? (2)

• transfer of energy through collision of particles in a fluid (liquid/gas)

• warm fluids rise and fall

convection current? (2)

• when a fluid is unevenly heated a current forms

• the cooler, denser fluid falls and pushes the warmer, less dense fluid up