Peds exam 3

Cardiogenic shock

Hypotension (decreased CO) and impaired tissue perfusion (cool extremities, pale skin).

Epinephrine effects

Monitor blood pressure due to potential hypertension and hypotension.

Neurogenic shock

Patient with bleeding, bruising, low BP (82/54) and labored breathing.

Hypovolemic shock

12-month-old with HR 240, temp 106, BP 50/20, and tachypnea.

Fluid resuscitation

Treatment for shock patient who lost about 15% body weight.

Increased urine output

Indicator that fluid replacement is effective.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Condition indicated by decreased BP, increased HR, and sudden bruising.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

pH would be acidotic, less than 7.

Cerebral edema risk

Avoid correcting glucose too fast to prevent encephalopathy.

Diabetes insipidus (DI)

High serum sodium and elevated serum osmolarity.

DI identification

Patient should wear a bracelet or identification.

Encourage water intake

Important for children with diabetes insipidus.

SIADH expectation

Low levels of sodium.

SIADH treatment

Fluid restriction.

RICE

Treatment for a child with hemophilia and joint bleeding.

Iron deficiency anemia

Caused by excessive milk intake and picky eating.

Epistaxis in Von-Willebrand Disease

Apply gentle pressure for at least 10 minutes.

Acute lymphoid leukemia assessment

Expect bruising, fever, pallor, joint pain, and swollen lymph nodes.

Bad prognosis for cancer

Presence of metastasis.

Antiemetics

Given to manage adverse effects from chemotherapy.

Neutropenia

Side effect manifesting in a child post-chemotherapy.

Reverse isolation

Precaution for a child with neutropenia.

Acute tumor lysis syndrome

Desired urine pH is 7-7.5.

Alkalinizing urine

Use sodium to achieve desired pH.

Post-op care for Wilms tumor

Monitor BP and I&O.

Chemotherapy teaching

Advise to keep away from sick people.

Suggested food for child with ALL

Peaches (avoid bacteria).

Disturbed body image

Issue for a 12-year-old with ALL post-chemotherapy.

Concussion symptoms

Changes in sleep and eating patterns.

Bipolar disease signs

Grandiosity, changes in sleep, and extreme behaviors.

Suicide signs

Isolation and self-destructive behavior.

Schizophrenia symptoms

Hallucinations affecting cognition and social functioning.

Open-ended questions

Important for assessing a depressed teenager's feelings.

Suicidal potential questions

Ask about plans and experiences during depression.

Palliative care goal

Focus on comfort and symptom management.

Parents' wishes for dying infants

Desire to avoid pain for their child.

Inappropriate behavior after child loss

Minimizing visitors.

Appropriate statement after child loss

Expressing condolences sincerely.

Compassionate care example

Sitting and listening to the grieving family.

Thalassemia mild anemia

Type A with 1 gene defect, symptom-free and mild.

Monocytes function

Fight infection and participate in inflammatory reactions.

Long-term complication of thalassemia

Anemia and iron overload.

Sickle cell disease tissue damage

Crescent-shaped cells cause occlusion.

Sickle cell disease treatment

Hydration, oxygen, and pain management (HOP).

Sickle cell disease inheritance

Genetic condition inherited with 2 recessive genes.

Common age range for lice

3 to 11 years old.

Diaper dermatitis treatment

Use barrier cream (zinc oxide) and allow air exposure.

Greatest suicide risk

Active psychotic disorder.