Developing Strategies for Whole-Number Computation

Flashcards covering key concepts from Chapter 12 about strategies for whole-number computation.

Computational Skills

Skills involving the ability to perform arithmetic operations with whole numbers, considered essential for understanding mathematics.

Flexible Methods of Computation

Approaches to solving computation problems that involve taking apart and combining numbers in varied ways, adapting to different contexts.

Invented Strategies

Flexible computing methods that are generated by the user, varying with numbers and situations, as opposed to fixed algorithms.

Commutative Property

A property of addition and multiplication that states the order in which numbers are added or multiplied does not change the sum or product.

Distributive Property

A property that allows for the multiplication of a sum by distributing the multiplier to each addend.

Traditional Algorithms

Fixed procedures for performing arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction, usually learned in school.

Mental Computation

The process of performing calculations in one's head without the aid of physical tools or written notes.

Direct Modeling

Using physical manipulatives or drawings to represent mathematical operations directly before moving to abstract forms.

Place Value

The numerical value that a digit has by virtue of its position in a number, which is foundational for understanding numbers and computational strategies.

Computational Estimation

The practice of finding approximate solutions to arithmetic problems to facilitate easier calculations.

Base-Ten Blocks

Physical manipulatives used to model multi-digit numbers and operations based on the base-ten number system.

Cluster Problems

A teaching strategy involving related computations or problems grouped together to encourage flexibility in thinking and problem-solving.

Missing-Factor Strategies

Techniques used to find a factor or quotient when dividing by estimating how many times the divisor fits into the dividend.

Explicit-Trade Method

A teaching approach in division where students explicitly record trades of larger values for smaller ones to keep track of place values.

Conceptual Understanding

A deep comprehension of mathematical concepts that enables flexibility and adaptability in applying knowledge to solve problems.

Number Sense

The intuitive understanding of numbers, their magnitude, relationships, and how they are affected by various operations.

Flexibility in Computation

The ability to switch between different computation methods and to choose the most effective method for the numbers involved.