psychology - memory

what is memory in psychology?

memory refers to the processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information

what are the main types of memory?

sensory memory, STM and LTM

what is the capacity of STM?

STM holds about 7 ± 2 items

what are the stages of memory?

the stages of memory are encoding, storage and retrieval

what’s the difference between STM and LTM?

STM holds information for a short period, while LTM stores information for a longer duration

what is encoding In memory?

encoding is changing information into a form that can be stored in memory

what is retrieval in memory?

retrieval is the process of accessing and bring =ingredients into consciousness information stored in memory

what is chunking in memory?

chunking is a technique where individual pieces of information are grouped into larger units to enhance memory retention

what is the role of maintenance rehearsal

rehearsal is the process of repeatedly practicing or reviewing information to facilitate its encoding into LTM

what is the purpose of the WMM?

the WMM explains hoe we temporarily hold and manipulate information while perm=forming complex cognitive tasks

what’s the difference between proactive and retroactive interference?

proactive interference occurs when old information interferes with the recall of new information, while retroactive interference happens when new information disrupts the retrieval of old information

what are the components of the WMM according to baddeleys model?

the central executive, phonological loop, visa-spatial sketchpad and the episodic buffer

what is the role of the central executive in working memory?

the central executive is responsible for controlling attention, coordination the processing of information, and managing the allocation of resources among the subsystems

what is episodic memory?

a type of declarative. memory that involves the recall off personal experiences or specific events in time

what is semantic memory?

type of declarative memory that involves the storage of general knowledge, facts and concepts unrelated to personal experiences

what is schema in memory?

a schema is a cognitive framework or concept that helps organise and interpret information, influencing how new information is understood and recalled

what are the effects of emotion on memory?

emotions can enhance memory retention and recall, particularly for emotionally charged events, due to the involvement of the amygdala in memory processing