The Brain and spinal cord

Cerebrum

Controls voluntary action such as higher thought processing

Cerebellum

Coordinates voluntary movements and controls muscle tension to maintain balance

Hypothalamus

Control centre for hunger, temperature and emotions

Corpus callosum

Connects the left and right hemisphere of the brain to allow for communication between the two hemispheres

Medulla oblongata

Controls involuntary actions such as heart rate and it also transmits nerve impulses between brain and spinal cord

Sensory neuron

-Unipolar

-Carries impulse from receptors to the CNS

Interneuron

-Bipolar

-Connects the sensory and motor neurons within the CNS

Motor neuron

-Multipolar

-Carries impulses from the CNS to effectors

Receptor

Converts stimulus into an impulse

Effector

Muscle or gland

Stimulus

A detectable change such as heat or pain

Dorsal root

(Facing towards the back of spinal cord) use sensory neurons

Ventral root

(Facing the front of the spinal cord) uses motor neuron

Reflex arc

A quick, automatic response to a stimulus to prevent further damage

Reflex action

R.S.I.M.E

1)RECEPTOR detects stimulus and converts it to an impulse

2)The impulse is then transported by a SENSORY NEURON through the dorsal root to the interneuron

3)The INTERNEURON then transfers the impulse via a synapse to the motor neuron

4)The impulse is then carried by the MOTOR NEURON via the ventral root to an effector

5)The EFFECTOR will then contract and pull away

Synapse

It’s a connection between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron