Gastrointestinal System Review

A set of flashcards covering key concepts and terms related to the gastrointestinal system based on the lecture notes.

GERD is a chronic condition characterized by __________ of the stomach acid into the lower esophagus.

reflux

Hiatal hernia is defined as __________ of a portion of the stomach into the esophagus through an opening in the diaphragm.

herniation

The symptoms of a hiatal hernia may include __________ and severe heartburn.

chest pain

The main drug therapy for GERD involves __________ which inhibit acid secretion.

Proton Pump Inhibitors

The manifestation of GERD can include __________, a sensation of heartburn in the chest.

Pyrosis

Barrett’s esophagus is a complication of GERD where cells change from flat epithelial cells to __________ epithelial cells.

columnar

Inflammatory bowel disease includes conditions such as __________ and _________.

Crohn’s Disease; Ulcerative Colitis

The clinical manifestations of peptic ulcer disease can include __________ and abdominal pain.

erosion of GI mucosa

Total proctocolectomy may lead to the need for a __________ if the rectum is removed.

permanent ileostomy

The __________ is formed when the end of the ileum is brought through an opening to form a stoma.

stoma

Prolonged gastric outlet obstruction may lead to __________ due to inadequate blood flow.

ischemia

Medications such as __________ are used to suppress inflammation in IBD.

corticosteroids

Patients with a colostomy can expect the output to be __________ as they move distally in the colon.

more formed

Symptoms of diverticulitis may include abdominal pain, __________, and change in bowel habits.

rectal bleeding

Severe distention in intestinal obstruction may cause __________ and necrosis.

ischemia

The primary surgical therapy for colorectal cancer often includes __________, the removal of the tumor.

resection

Complications of surgery may include __________, which involves a risk of infection and delayed healing.

peritonitis