Pre lab quiz kingdom fungi

are fungi prokaryotic or eukaryotic? unicellular or multicellular?

eukaryotic and most are multicellular (mushrooms and mold) but some yeasts are unicellular

What feeding mechanisms do fungi use to obtain their nutrition?

fungi are absorptive heterotrophs, secrete digestive enzymes onto food to break down then absorb smaller nutrients through hyphae and mycellium

are any members of kingdom fungi symbionts

many are symbionts, including mutualists (mycorrhizae in plant roots or lichens) and parasites

four features are common among all fungi

eukaryotic

heterotrophic (obtain energy by absorbing nutrients)

cell wall made of chitin

reproduce through spores

basic structure of fungus

network of thread-like filaments called hyphae collecting to body called mycelium

similarities of characteristics of phylum myxomycota and kingdom fungi

slime molds are heterotrophic, produce spores and often live in cool moist environments

differences of characteristics of phylum myxomycota and kingdom fungi

slime molds are not true fungi, they lack chitin in cell wall and in plasmodium stage use phagocytosis where fungi must absorb nutrients

in the 3 phyla do all members carry out sexual and asexual reproduction

asexual involves production of haploid spores via mitosis, sexual involves fusion of hyphae followed by nucleat fusion and meiosis

karyogamy

this is the second stage, it is fusion of the two haploid nuclei to form a single diploid nucleus (true fertilization step)

plasmogamy

this is the first stage it is the fusion of the cytoplasm of two parent mycelia. while the cytoplasm joins, the two haploid nuclei from the parents do not fuse right away

Which phyla exhibit karyogamy and which display plasmogamy?

members of all 3 phyla exibit bother however ascomycota and basidiomycota are known for having prolonged dikaryotic stage between the two events

what is a lichen

a symbiotic association between a photosynthetic microorganism and a fungus

Phylum Chytridiomycota

Chytrids

Phylum Zygomycota

Bread Molds

Phylum Ascomycota

Sac Fungi (yeasts are common unicellular ascolycota and can reproduce sexually through plasmogamy)

Phylum Basidiomycota

Club Fungi (mushrooms, puffballs, shelf fungi)

Phylum Glomeromycota

Plant Root Symbionts