Properties and types of waves: Waves in matter: Physics: GCSE (9:1)

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Last updated 12:18 AM on 6/7/26
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17 Terms

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Waves

One of the ways in which energy may be transferred between stores without transferring matter

<p>One of the ways in which energy may be transferred between stores without transferring matter</p>
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Oscillations

Repeated and regular fluctuations above and below a fixed point

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Vibrations

Repeated forwards and backwards movement about a fixed point

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Longitudinal wave

A wave in which the vibrations or oscillations are parallel to the direction of wave travel

<p>A wave in which the vibrations or oscillations are parallel to the direction of wave travel</p>
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Compression

A region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are closest together

<p>A region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are closest together</p>
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Rarefaction

A region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are furthest apart

<p>A region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are furthest apart</p>
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Examples of longitudinal waves

Sound, ultrasound, seismic P-waves

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Transverse wave

A wave in which the vibrations or oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of wave travel

<p>A wave in which the vibrations or oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of wave travel</p>
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Examples of transverse waves

Water waves, vibrations along a string, Mexican wave, electromagnetic waves (light waves, microwaves, radio waves etc), seismic S-waves

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Mechanical waves

Cause the particles in a solid, liquid or gas to oscillate and need medium to travel through

<p>Cause the particles in a solid, liquid or gas to oscillate and need medium to travel through</p>
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Electromagnetic waves

Cause electrical and magnetic fields to oscillate

<p>Cause electrical and magnetic fields to oscillate</p>
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Rest position

The position of particles or fields when they are not vibrating

<p>The position of particles or fields when they are not vibrating</p>
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Displacement

The distance that a point of a wave has moved from its rest position

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Amplitude (a)

The maximum displacement of a point of a wave from its rest position

<p>The maximum displacement of a point of a wave from its rest position</p>
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Peak or crest

The largest displacement of a point of a wave above the rest position

<p>The largest displacement of a point of a wave above the rest position</p>
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Trough

The largest displacement of a point of a wave below the rest position

<p>The largest displacement of a point of a wave below the rest position</p>
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Wavelength (λ)

The distance covered by a full cycle of the wave

<p>The distance covered by a full cycle of the wave</p>