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what are koch’s postulates and how have they been modified?

how do ‘healthy’ bacteria cause disease?
in the human microbiota, professional pathogens and opportunistic pathogens are rare
however disease can also be caused by the healthy microbiota:
when the bacteria gain virulence factors (eg. diptheria toxin-encoding phage)
by ‘accidental’ invasions- failed/dysfunctional host interactions (eg. meningococcus)
following host immune suppression (eg. latent tuberculosis), especially post-transplants
when they change host biology (eg. autoimmune responses and cancers)
why could smallpox be eradicated and what was the result of this?

why did we think polio was possible to eradicate and why wasn’t it possible?
due to vaccine optimism following smallpox eradication in 1980
