The Periodic Table - Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards for Year 10 Science on the Periodic Table.

Periods

Rows in the periodic table.

Groups

Columns in the periodic table.

Atomic Number

The number of protons in an atom.

Mass Number

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

Alkali Metals

Group 1 elements; very reactive metals.

Alkaline Earth Metals

Group 2 elements.

Chalcogens

Group 16 elements; also known as the oxygen family.

Halogens

Group 17 elements; very reactive non-metals.

Noble Gases

Group 18 elements; inert gases.

Metalloids

Elements with properties of both metals and non-metals.

Mercury (Hg)

The only metal that is a liquid at room temperature.

Strontium Salts

Elements used in fireworks to produce red colors.

Calcium Salts

Elements used in fireworks to produce orange colors.

Sodium Salts

Elements used in fireworks to produce yellow colors.

Barium Salts

Elements used in fireworks to produce green colors.

Copper Salts

Elements used in fireworks to produce blue colors.

Valence shell

The outermost shell of an atom.

Electron shell

The first shell and has the lowest energy level.

Ion

Charged atom.

Cations

Positive Atoms

Anions

Negative atoms.

Ionic bonds

Chemical bonds that happens between non-metals and metals

Covalent bonds

Chemical bonds happens between non-metals only.