Ch. 12: Applied Cross-Cultural Psychology: Important Highlights From Social Justice, Digital Culture, and Health Care

Ageism

Prejudice or discrimination against individuals or groups based on their age

Black Lives Matter (BLM)

Refers to both a phrase and a decentralized international sociopolitical movement dedicated to fighting violence and systematic racism toward black people, particularly iin the form of police brutality

Cancel culture

A social phenomenon in which those who are judged to have behaved in an unacceptable or offensive manner are shunned, ostracized, boycotted, or occupationally removed

Catfishing

Refers to an online scam in which an individual creates a fictitious persona on a social media (usually dating) website, with the goal of compromising the victim in some way, such as financial gain, cyberstalking, harassment, or revenge

Counseling

The provision of professional guidance and support in addressing and resolving personal, social, or psychological problems and challenges

Critical race theory (CRT)

1. An academic and legal approach to studying racism based on the premise that racial bias - intentional or unintentional - is institutionally structural or systemic in nature, and that race is a social construct rather than a biologically determined trait (original meaning). 2. More recently, frequently invoked as part of a broader critique against politically “progressive” agendas, with particular criticism of the premise that white people are inherently racist

Digital companionship

The use of digital technologies (particularly AI) to assist an individual with numerous tasks as well as to provide a personalized form of emotional support and companionship in a culturally sensitive context

Environmental justice

The fair treatment of all people, regardless of race, color, national origin, or income, with respect to their equal access to a healthy, safe, and sustainable environment, as well as protection from environmental harm

Fundamentalism

A set of values rooted in rigid adherence to traditional (usually religious) principles and is often associated with intolerance to individual choice and secularism

Green values (Green politics)

A political ideology that promotes environmental quality and an ecologically sustainable planet, for example by promoting products that are recyclable, biodegradable, or nonpolluting

Greenwashing

An act of deceptive advertising which involves conveying the false impression that a company or product is more environmentally friendly than it actually is; a form of virtue signaling

Historical revisionism

The practice of re-examining or reinterpreting historical events or theories based on motivations that can be benevolent, malevolent, or dispassionate

Homophobia

Systemic aversion to homosexuality and LGBTQ+ individuals, which may or may not be fear-based

Identity politics

A wide range of political activities and theorizing founded on a shared perception of oppression experienced by members of particular social groups (e.g., based on race, gender, religion, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status), thereby valuing group identity over individual identity

LGBTQ+

An initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, with the “+” sign denoting all other gender identities that are not specifically covered by the other five initials

#MeToo

A global social movement that seeks to expose and prevent sexual harassment and assault, especially against women, in which people publicize their experiences to combat various forms of se*ual misconduct

Nationalism

In its most general sense, refers to individual and collective identification with a country or a nation. It can consist of positive nationalism and negative nationalism

Peace psychology

A theoretical and applied branch that studies ideological and pyschological causes of war, violent conflicts, and aggression, with the goal of developing educational programs and reducing violence and the threat of force in intentional relations and domestic policies

Pseudoscience

A collection of beliefs, statements, or methods falsely claiming to be scientific

Sexism

Prejudice or discrimination rooted in biased views of sex or gender

Social justice

Fair treatment of all people in a society, including the distribution of resources, priviledges, opportunities, and outcomes. Currently, this involves particular emphasis on the rights of historically oppressed, exploited, marginalized, or minority populations

Social media

Forms of interactive electronic communication on the Internet through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, and other content. Examples include websites for social networking, Twitter (now known as X), Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, and TikTok

Spirituality

A broad range of concepts and phenomena concerning the human spirit or soul, as opposed to material or physical objects, which can encompass both religious and non-religious belief systems

Trolling

The deliberate act of posting provocative or inflammatory content on various Internet platforms with the goal of antagonizing, insulting, offending, or otherwise upsetting others

Virtue signaling

The disingenous act of publicly displaying a righteous stance on a social or political issue solely with the intent of looking morally good in the eyes of others. Also known as moral grandstanding

White privilege

The set of ascribed inherent social and economic advantages - obvious or subtle - that white people possess by virtue of their race (skin color) in a culture characterized by racial inequity

Woke/Wokeness

1. The quality of being aware of and actively to important societal facts and issues, especially those pertaining to race, gender, and social justice (original term dating back to the 1930s). 2. Maintaining and promoting politically “progressive” agendas, perceived by some to be unreasonable, oppressive, or excessive (more recent usage)