Urinalysis readings & abnormal urine

4.5-8

Normal pH range of Urine

1.001-1.030

normal speciific gravity range of urine

glycosuria

presence of glucose in urine, may indicate diabetes mellitus

albuminuria

Albumin is a large blood protein, too large to filter into glomerular capsule. Presence in urine indicates abnormal increase in glomerular permeability.

Ketonuria

presence of ketones in urine, caused by high protein, low carb diet, or starvation/diabetes mellitus

hemoglobinuria

presence of hemoglobin in the urine, indicates presence of pathological condition that damages or ruptures red blood cells

bilirubinuria

presence of bilirubin in urine. An indicator of liver disease such as hepatitis or cirrhosis

hematuria

presence of blood in the urine