Hormones Quiz Review

Hormones

A hormone is a chemical messenger made by glands in your endocrine system. These messengers travel through your bloodstream to organs and tissues, where they control and coordinate body functions like growth, metabolism, stress response, and reproduction.

ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)

Stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol, which helps the body respond to stress.

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

Helps the kidneys conserve water by reducing urine output and maintaining fluid balance.

Calcitonin

Lowers blood calcium levels by helping calcium move into bones.

Cortisol

A stress hormone that increases blood sugar, reduces inflammation, and helps regulate metabolism.

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

Triggers the “fight‑or‑flight” response: increases heart rate, breathing, and energy availability.

FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)

Controls reproductive processes: stimulates egg development in ovaries and sperm production in testes.

GH (growth hormone)

Promotes growth of bones and tissues and helps regulate metabolism.

Insulin

Lowers blood glucose by helping cells absorb sugar from the bloodstream.

LH (luteinizing hormone)

Triggers ovulation in females and stimulates testosterone production in males.

MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone)

Influences skin pigmentation by stimulating melanin production.

Oxytocin

Involved in childbirth (uterine contractions), milk release, and bonding behaviors.

Progesterone

Prepares and maintains the uterus for pregnancy and regulates the menstrual cycle.

TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone)

Stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormones (T3 and T4).

T3 (triiodothyronine)

A thyroid hormone that increases metabolism, energy use, and growth.