restorative justice: exam 2

what 3 things is the criminal justice system based on?

punishment
fear
control

t/f restorative justice is rooted in indigenous teachings

true

the criminal justice system seeks to _____ and ____ offenders

punish
blame

Afrocentric theory is a theory of ______

affirmation

t/f restorative justice helps the wrongdoer gain greater understanding of the impact of their actions

true

crime is a violation of the ____ and the ____ in criminal justice

law
state

3 specific areas that need our attention to ensure social change

1. selection and recruitment of facilitators
2. practitioners' understanding of offending, victimization, responsibility, shame and drama
3. referral of cases

t/f restorative justice operates within a hierarchy of skill

true

peace is the absence of

war

t/f sincerity is the key element of an apology

true

____ create guilt

violations

6 things that make an apology effective

1. specific definition of a perceived offense
2. acknowledging that the perceived offense caused harm
3. taking responsibility
4. recognition of the wrongdoing
5. promise to not repeat the offense
6. explanation of why

t/f grace is getting what we do not deserve

true

t/f restorative justice holds that harm results in obligation

true

forgiveness does not eliminate ______

accountability

with an apology, the overall aim is to ____ what was ____

repair
harmed

4 core drivers of violence

1. shame
2. isolation
3. exposure to violence
4. inability to meet one's economic needss

t/f criminal justice operates within a hierarchy of power

true

sharing responsibilities with apologies restores what 3 things

respect
caring
trust

t/f prisons create barriers to victims getting answers to their questions

true

t/f mercy is not getting what we deserve

true

t/f criminal justice requires the state to determine blame and impose pain

true

2 most relevant means of breaking the cycle of crime

1. self-identities
2. healthy social relationships

Eurocentric people are fundamentally _____

competitive

punishment is ___ and accountability is _____

passive
acknowledgment

central focus of criminal justice (2)

1. offenders "getting what they deserve"
2. punishment

criminal justice is ineffective at what 3 things

1. crime
2. needs of victims
3. rehabilitation of offenders

t/f restorative justice seeks to humanize the participants in their quest for justice

true

t/f punishment is what is needed to teach right from wrong

false

deterrence depends on what 3 things

civic education
consistency
hope

t/f recidivism bridges the gap from in-prison to post-release

false

t/f victims are allowed to hurt the offender and take revenge

false

in restorative justice, crime is a violation of ___ and _____

people and relationships

criminality of African Americans often includes what 3 things

1. genetic inferiority
2. culture of poverty
3. racial oppression

5 elements of accountability

1. acknowledging that you cause harm
2. understanding the alarm from the other persons point of view
3. recognizing that you had a choice
4. taking steps to make amends
5. taking action to make changes in your life so that it won't happen again

t/f criminal justice is committed to direct accountability and healing what has been broken

false

3 core elements of restorative justice

encounter
repair
transform

4 areas where afrocentric and Eurocentric theories differ

1. cosmology: worldview
2. axiology: values
3. ontology: nature of people
4. epistemology: source of knowledge

Eurocentric perspectives focus on ____

control

4 sights when using restorative justice

1. offender personal experiences and worldviews
2. prison experiences
3. community involvement
4. restorative justice values

3 things RJ is based on

respect
reconciliation
love

4 things RJ requires

respect
compassion
recognition
challenge

what does shalom mean

peace

5 things get in the way of an apology

1. too much conflict to work through
2. pride of the person needing to apologize
3. legal abilities
4. culture, age, gender
5. feelings that the person requesting the apology is overly sensitive or blowing things out of proportion/ manipulating the situation

4 core features of prison

shame
isolation
exposure to violence
inability to meet ones economic needs

goals of RJ

build understanding
encourage accountability
provide an opportunity for healing

____ is getting what we deserve

justice

3 things RJ asks

who has been hurt
what are their needs
whose obligation is it to meet those needs

2 key values of Eurocentric perspective

materialism
individualism

afrocentric knowledge is derived through

spirituality

t/f apologies can be given verbally or in writing

true

with an apology, overall aim is to ____ what was ____

repair
harmed

t/f afrocentric believe in the goodness of people and that individuals work together

true

6 restorative values

empowerment
respect
transformation
interdependence
dialogue
mutuality

reasons to request apology

1. acknowledge how you were hurt
2. confirm that other person accepts responsibility
3. to make sure it won't happen again
4. reconcile the relationship
5. restore reputation

3 keys to effective encounters

1. offenders must take responsibility of their wrongdoing and make amends
2. stakeholders affected by wrongdoing have a voice in justice process
3. encounters take place in a safe space allowing sharing without judgement

3 things criminal justice asks

1. what laws have been broken
2. who did it
3. what do they deserve

____ justice is making things right rather than retribution

biblical

Eurocentric knowledge is derived through the ______ _____

scientific method

what does repair address

victims need for healing
offenders need to make amends
communities need for health and safety

key value of afrocentric perspective

community

afrocentric perspective focuses on ___ with others

oneness

why apologize

1. first step to better understanding damage in relationships
2. shows shared values regarding behavior towards each other
3. shows you have regrets when you dont behave based on values
4. shows that youll make efforts in regard to your behavior

3 pillars of restorative justice

harms + needs
obligations
engagment

peace is the absence of __

war

t/f restorative justice holds that harm results in obligation

true