Bio Bases- Brain Parts & functions

ventricles

help keep brain buyonant and cushioned

lateral ventricles

contains CSF, helps cushion brain and spinal cord from injury

third ventricle

protects and secretes CSF

cerebral aqueduct

allows CSF to flow from 3rd to 4th ventricle

4th ventricle

protects the brain from trauma

white matter

an area of neural tissue primarily made up of mylenaited axons

gray mater

an area of neural tissue made primarily of cell bodies

central canal

transports CSF

spinal nerve

send electrical signals between your brain, spinal cord, and the rest of your body

medulla

controls vital functions such as, heartbeat and breathing

pons

allow cerebellum to communicate with rest of the brain

cochlear nucleus

hearing

vestibular nucleus

balance

cerebellum

balance, hand-eye coordination, sequencing

corpus callousm

allows communication between brain hemispheres

tectum

controls eye movements

superior colliculus

visual reflexes

inferior collicus

auditory reflexes

tegmentum

contains reticular formation, sleep and arousal

substantia nigra

makes dopamine

globus pallidus

controls conscious movements

thalamus

sensory-motor relay station

caudate nucleus

involved in learning, memory, reward, etc.

putamen

helps with speech articulation

amygdala

helps process all emotions, fear

anterior cingulate cortex

involved in emotional expression, limbic system, emotion

septal area

reward + aggression, limbic system, emotion

hypothalamus

fighting, fleeing, feeding, f…mating, forebrain dilencephalon

fornix

episodic memory recall, limbic system, memory

posterior cingulate cortex

controls involuntary movements, limbic system, memory

mammilary body

involved in recollective memory, limbic system, memory

parahippocampal gyrus

memory encoding + retrieval, limbic system, memory

olfactory bulbs

involved with smell, limbic system, memory

basal ganglia

involved in initating and stopping motor movements

hippocampus

involved in learning and memory

frontal lobe

decision making, judgement, reasoning, problem-solving

primary motor cortex

generates signals to direct the movement of the body

central sulcus

splits frontal and parietal lobe

primary somatosensory cortex

contributes to the integration of sensory and motor signals necessary for skilled movement

parietal lobe

spatial processing and attention

occipital lobe

primary visual cortex

temporal lobe

primary auditory cortex