DSM-5 SIMPLIFIED

These flashcards cover essential definitions and criteria for various psychological disorders, facilitating review and study.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Characterized by at least 3 symptoms: restlessness, easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbances for at least 6 months.

Panic Disorder

Involves recurrent unexpected panic attacks and persistent worry about additional attacks or maladaptive behavior for at least 1 month.

Agoraphobia

Intense fear of 2 or more situations like public transportation, open spaces, enclosed spaces, crowds; involves avoidance for 6 months or more.

Specific Phobia

Intense and unreasonable fear about a specific object or situation, leading to avoidance for 6 months or more.

Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD)

Excessive anxiety over separation from home or attachment figures, lasting at least 4 weeks in children and 6 months in adults.

Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)

Fear of social interaction or performance lasting for at least 6 months, often occurring in peer settings for children.

Selective Mutism

Failure to speak in specific settings but capable of speaking in others, lasting at least 1 month after the first month of school.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Exposure to traumatic events leading to symptoms such as intrusive memories, negative changes in mood, and hyperarousal for at least a month.

Acute Stress Disorder

Similar to PTSD but symptoms occur within 1 month of the trauma.

Adjustment Disorder

Symptoms develop within 3 months of a stressor and do not last longer than 6 months after resolution.

Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)

Withdrawn behavior in children due to insufficient care, recognized before age 5.

Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED)

Inappropriate interaction with unfamiliar adults due to insufficient care, diagnosed in children.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Involves intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions), taking at least 1 hour a day.

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)

Preoccupation with perceived flaws in physical appearance that are not observable to others.

Hoarding Disorder

Difficulty discarding possessions due to perceived need to save them, leading to cluttered living areas.

Trichotillomania (Hair Pulling Disorder)

Recurrent pulling of hair leading to hair loss, with repeated attempts to stop.

Excoriation (Skin Picking Disorder)

Recurrent skin picking resulting in skin lesions, with attempts to decrease or stop.

Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD)

Excessive thoughts, anxiety, and time devoted to physical symptoms, lasting at least 6 months.

Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD)

Excessive worry about having a serious illness despite medical evidence to the contrary, lasting at least 6 months.

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder (Conversion Disorder)

Neurological symptoms without a medical explanation, involving abnormal motor or sensory functions.

Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self/Other (Munchausen Syndrome)

Intentional feigning of illness without external rewards.

Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder

Detachment from self or surroundings, with intact reality testing.

Dissociative Amnesia

Inability to recall personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature.

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states with recurrent gaps in memory.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Symptoms including sadness, interest loss, and others for at least 2 weeks, with no manic episodes.

Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)

Chronic depression lasting for at least 2 years with specific symptoms present.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

Severe mood and physical symptoms occurring in the days before menstruation, with criteria to be met in multiple cycles.

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)

Recurrent temper outbursts occurring frequently and persistently over at least a year.

Cyclothymic Disorder

Mild hypomanic and depressive symptoms lasting for at least 2 years.

Bipolar I Disorder

At least one manic episode, with or without depressive episodes.

Bipolar II Disorder

At least one hypomanic and one major depressive episode without a manic episode.

Anorexia Nervosa

Restriction of food intake leading to significantly low weight, with an intense fear of gaining weight.

Bulimia Nervosa

Binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain at least once a week for 3 months.

Binge-Eating Disorder

Binge eating without compensatory behaviors at least once a week for 3 months.

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)

Extreme food preferences leading to nutritional problems or dependence on supplements.

Pica Disorder

Eating non-food substances for at least 1 month, inappropriate to developmental levels.

Rumination Disorder

Regurgitating food, which may be re-chewed, spitted out, or re-swallows, occurring at least for a month.

Insomnia Disorder

Difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep despite adequate opportunity, occurring at least 3 times a week for 3 months.

Hypersomnolence Disorder

Excessive daytime sleepiness despite 7 hours of night sleep, with recurrent sleep lapses.

Narcolepsy

Irresistible sleep attacks occurring at least 3 times a week with additional symptoms like cataplexy.

Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorder

Sleep disruption due to a misalignment of the circadian rhythm, leading to excessive sleepiness or insomnia.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea

At least 5 apneas or hypopneas per hour of sleep, with associated nocturnal disturbances.

Central Sleep Apnea

Occurrences of central apneas of 5 or more per hour of sleep.

Sleep-Related Hypoventilation

Episodes of decreased respiration with elevated CO2 levels during sleep.

NREM Sleep Arousal Disorder

Incomplete awakening from sleep with conditions like sleepwalking or sleep terrors.

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

Episodes of vocalization or complex motor behavior occurring more than 90 minutes after sleep onset.

Nightmare Disorder

Recurrent distressful and well-remembered dreams occurring in the second half of sleep.

Restless Leg Syndrome

Unpleasant sensations leading to urges to move legs, worse at night, occurring at least 3 times a week.

Gender Dysphoria

Incongruence between experienced/expressed gender and assigned gender for at least 6 months.

Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder

Deficient or absent sexual thoughts or desire lasting for at least 6 months.

Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder

Deficient or absent sexual thoughts or desire for at least 6 months.

Erectile Dysfunction

Difficulty in obtaining/maintaining an erection for at least 6 months.

Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder

Symptoms like pain during penetration, lasting for at least 6 months.

Premature/Early Ejaculation

Ejaculation within 1 minute during sexual activity at least 75-100% of the time for 6 months.

Delayed Ejaculation

Delay or absence of ejaculation, affecting sexual activity at least 75-100% of the time for 6 months.

Female Orgasmic Disorder

Delayed or absent orgasm, or decreased intensity of orgasm occurring at least for 6 months.

Fetishistic Disorder

Sexual arousal from nonliving objects or non-genital body parts for at least 6 months.

Voyeuristic Disorder

Sexual arousal from observing an unsuspecting person engaging in sexual activities for at least 6 months.

Exhibitionistic Disorder

Sexual arousal from exposing genitals to an unsuspecting person for at least 6 months.

Frotteuristic Disorder

Sexual arousal from touching or rubbing against a non-consenting person for at least 6 months.

Transvestic Disorder

Sexual arousal from cross-dressing for at least 6 months.

Sexual Sadism

Sexual arousal from inflicting psychological or physical suffering on a non-consenting person for at least 6 months.

Sexual Masochism

Sexual arousal from undergoing humiliation or suffering for at least 6 months.

Pedophilic Disorder

Sexual arousal from sexual activity with prepubescent children for at least 6 months.

Alcohol-Use Disorder

Pattern of alcohol use resulting in impairment or distress, with several criteria met over 12 months.

Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic-Use Disorder

Impaired functioning due to sedative use, meeting specific criteria over 12 months.

Stimulant-Use Disorder

Compromised functioning due to stimulant use, meeting several criteria over 12 months.

Tobacco-Use Disorder

Similar criteria as other substance use disorders affecting daily life for over 12 months.

Caffeine-Use Disorder

Problematic caffeine use impacting functioning or distress for at least 12 months.

Opioid-Use Disorder

Use pattern causing significant distress or impairment in responsibilities or health due to opioids over 12 months.

Cannabis-Use Disorder

Similar to other substance use disorders, with specific criteria met spanning over 12 months.

Hallucinogen-Use Disorder

Use pattern resulting in distress or significant impairment due to hallucinogens for 12 months.

Gambling Disorder

Problematic gambling behavior lasting at least 12 months.

Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)

Failure to control aggressive impulses, resulting in verbal or physical aggression occurring at least twice a week over 3 months.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Pattern of angry mood, argumentative behavior or vindictiveness lasting at least 6 months.

Conduct Disorder

Serious pattern of violating societal norms or rights of others for at least 12 months.

Kleptomania

Recurrent urge to steal items not needed for personal use, with tension before theft and gratification afterward.

Pyromania

Deliberate fire setting with tension beforehand and pleasure during or after the act.

Paranoid Personality Disorder (PD)

Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others without justification.

Schizoid PD

Detachment from social relationships and restricted emotional expression in interpersonal settings.

Schizotypal PD

Social and interpersonal deficits marked by discomfort in close relationships and cognitive distortions.

Antisocial PD

Disregard for the rights of others occurring since age 15 and requiring an individual to be at least 18 years old.

Borderline PD

Instability in relationships, self-image, and affects with marked impulsivity.

Histrionic PD

Pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior.

Narcissistic PD

Characterized by grandiosity, a need for admiration, and lack of empathy.

Avoidant PD

Social inhibition and feelings of inadequacy, with hypersensitivity to negative evaluation.

Dependent PD

Excessive need to be taken care of, leading to clingy behavior and fear of separation.

Obsessive-Compulsive PD

Preoccupation with orderliness and perfectionism at the expense of flexibility.

Schizophrenia Disorder

Presence of 2 or more symptoms like delusions and hallucinations lasting for at least 1 month.

Schizophreniform Disorder

Schizophrenia symptoms lasting between 1 and 6 months.

Schizoaffective Disorder

Mood episode concurrent with symptoms of schizophrenia, including significant mood disturbances.

Delusional Disorder

Presence of one or more delusions for at least 1 month without marked impairment of functionality.

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Presence of positive symptoms of psychosis lasting at least 1 day but less than a month.

Substance/Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder

Psychotic symptoms developing during substance use or withdrawal or due to medication.

Psychotic Disorder Associated with Another Medical Condition

Hallucinations or delusions linked to the direct physiological consequence of a medical condition.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Presence of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms for at least 6 months, with some symptoms evident before age 12.

Specific Learning Disorder

Difficulties in learning and using academic skills persisting for at least 6 months.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Deficits in social communication and behavior patterns that appear in early development.

Intellectual Developmental Disorder (Intellectual Disability)

Intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits, originating during the developmental period.

Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering)

Disturbances in normal speech fluency inappropriate for age, creating anxiety about speaking.