19th Century

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Last updated 1:15 AM on 6/14/26
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11 Terms

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Enclosure Movement

Landowners fenced common land.

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Agricultural Revolution

Better farming methods increased food supply.

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Industrial Revolution

Began in United Kingdom.

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Positive Effects of Industrial Revolution

More goods, better transportation, labor unions and labor laws eventually formed.

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Urbanization

Cities grew rapidly.

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Class Tensions

Conflict between factory owners and workers.

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Socialism

Government ownership of major industries.

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Communism

Classless society developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

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Imperialism

Reasons include resources, markets, and national pride; negative effects include exploitation of colonies.

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Realpolitik

Practical politics; Otto von Bismarck used wars to unify Germany.

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Italian Unification

Led by Giuseppe Mazzini, Camillo di Cavour, Giuseppe Garibaldi, and Victor Emmanuel II.