Dissociation of an Acid

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Last updated 5:30 PM on 6/21/26
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7 Terms

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Acid (HA)

Acid (HA) donates a proton (H). Conjugate Base (A-) is what’s left after H is donated. Acid will have more H on the reactant side

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Base

proton acceptor, will have an extra H on the product side.

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Dissociation of an Acid

HA + H2O —> A- + H3O+ (Acid + Base will give you a conjugate base of an acid and conjugate acid of a base)

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Remember pka

pKa: -logKa, the smaller your pKa, the stronger your acid. EX: pKa of HCl is -7, making it very strong

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Formal Charge Formula

# of Valence Electrons - ½ bonding - nonbonded = Formal Charge

EX: H-O-H (see image) Formal Charge of Oxygen: Oxygen has 6 Valence electrons, in this case, it has 4 unbonded (2 lone pairs) and 2 bonded (2 single bonds)

6 - ½ 2 (1) - 4 = +1

<p># of Valence Electrons - ½ bonding - nonbonded = Formal Charge</p><p>EX: H-O-H (see image) Formal Charge of Oxygen: Oxygen has 6 Valence electrons, in this case, it has 4 unbonded (2 lone pairs) and 2 bonded (2 single bonds)</p><p>6 - ½ 2 (1) - 4 = +1</p>
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Resonance Structure

Resonance shows different ways to draw electron placement. Only lone pairs and pi bonds can be moved. Atoms and single pairs cannot be moved.

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Radical

1 lone unpaired electron. Highly reactive