Opioids

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Last updated 9:34 PM on 5/22/26
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10 Terms

1
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Which opioids are classified as weak

Codeine and tramadol

2
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Which opioids are classified as strong

Morphine
Oxycodone
Fentanyl
Methadone

3
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What is the WHO analgesic ladder used for

Stepwise management of pain, mainly in palliative care, cancer and acute px

4
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Why is the WHO analgesic ladder not suitable for chronic non-cancer pain?

Does not account for long term risks such as dependence and tolerance

5
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Name the three steps of the WHO analgesic ladder
1.
2.
3.

Paracetamol or NSAIDs
Add a weak opioid
Replace with a strong opioid

6
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What is the mechanism of action of opioids

They bind to the opioid receptors in the CNS mimicking endogenous opioids.

7
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Which endogenous neurotransmitters do opioids mimic

Endorphins, enkephalins and dynorphins

8
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What is primary insomnia

Insomnia that is not caused by another medical, psychiatric, or substance-related condition.

9
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What is secondary insomnia

Insomnia caused by another condition

10
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What are common caused of secondary insomnia

Anxiety, medical conditions and medications