Microscopy-Histology 214: Epithelial Tissues

Practice flashcards for Epithelial tissues, cell structures, and glandular classifications based on histological principles.

The smallest living entity, which is highly structurally and functionally organized, is the __________.

cell

All cells share three common features: the nucleus, the cytoplasm, and the __________.

plasma membrane

The organization of the body follows a hierarchy: cells → tissues → organs → __________ → body.

organ systems

Histology is defined as the science of __________.

cells and tissues

The four main types of tissue are Epithelial, Muscular, Nervous, and __________.

Connective tissue

Epithelial tissue is characterized by strong adhesion between cells and very little __________ substance.

intercellular

Because they have no blood vessels, epithelial tissues depend on __________ for their nutrient supply.

diffusion

Epithelial tissues are categorized by three main criteria: the number of cell layers, the shape of the cells, and __________.

surface specializations

The simple squamous epithelium that lines the blood vessels is specifically called __________.

endothelium

The simple squamous epithelium lining body cavities (both visceral and parietal) is called __________.

mesothelium

Simple __________ epithelium is commonly found in the thyroid gland, ovary surface, and small ducts of the kidney or pancreas.

cuboidal

In the tuba uterina, simple columnar ciliated epithelium uses __________ to facilitate ovum transport.

ciliary action

The defining characteristic of __________ epithelium is that all cells rest on the basement membrane, but not all cells reach the surface.

pseudostratified columnar ciliated

The pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium of the trachea contains mucous-producing single cells called __________.

Goblet cells

Stratified squamous non-keratinizing epithelium is commonly found on __________ surfaces, such as the cornea or esophagus.

wet

The five layers of the epidermis, from surface to base, are Stratum corneum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum spinosum, and __________.

Stratum basale (germinativum)

Transitional epithelium, found in the bladder and ureter, features a thickened plasma membrane known as the __________.

crusta

Multi-nucleated cells, often containing $2$ nuclei, that characterize transitional epithelium are called __________.

umbrella cells

Glandular epithelia are classified as __________ glands if they possess a duct and __________ glands if they secrete directly into capillaries.

exocrine; endocrine

A __________ acinus is identified by a small lumen, stained-pink cytoplasm, and central round nuclei.

serous

The __________ gland is an example of a purely serous gland.

parotis gland

The sublingual gland is an example of a purely __________ gland.

mucous

Smooth muscle cells that assist with the secretion mechanism in glandular acini are called __________.

Myoepithelial cells

Structural abnormalities of cilia that result in impaired mucociliary clearance of the airways and reduced mobility of sperm is known as __________.

Kartageners syndrome

In the colon, the simple tubular glands are primarily composed of enterocytes and __________.

Goblet cells