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Modernisation

The process of adapting something to modern needs or habits; a significant aspect affecting all religions in contemporary society.

Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar

A social reformer who played a pivotal role in changing traditional mindsets in India through the Indian Constitution.

Indian Constitution

The supreme law of India that ensures equality before the law and prohibits discrimination based on religion, race, caste, gender, or birthplace.

Welfare State

A government that provides social services and economic security to its citizens, established in India's Constitution.

Scheduled Castes and Tribes

Specific groups in India that are given special rights and privileges for education and public representation.

Urbanisation

The process of increasing population in urban areas, often due to industrialisation and other economic factors.

Jaipur Foot

An innovative artificial limb that enables amputees to walk on rough surfaces and engage in physical activities.

Test-tube baby

A method of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized outside the womb, helping childless couples conceive.

Pulse polio immunisation programme

A health initiative started in India in 1995 to eradicate polio through widespread vaccination.

Gram Panchayats

Local self-government bodies in rural areas of India designed to promote collective development and empower local governance.