3.1.5 - Nucleic Acids

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Last updated 7:14 PM on 6/6/26
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10 Terms

1
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What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of genetic information?

DNA holds genetic information whereas RNA transfers it

2
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What is the structure of a nucleotide?

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3
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What are the difference between DNA and RNA?

  • DNA has Thymine whereas RNA has Uracil

  • DNA has a deoxyribose sugar whereas RNA has a ribose sugar

  • DNA forms a double helix whereas RNA is single stranded

  • DNA has longer polynucleotides than RNA

4
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What are the complementary base pairs?

  • Adenine and Thymine

  • Cytosine and Guanine

5
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How many hydrogen bonds does each base pair contain?

A-T = 2

G-C = 3

6
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How does DNA having a double helix relate to its function?

Both strands can be used as a template in DNA replication

7
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How does weak hydrogen bonds allow for efficient DNA replication?

DNA helipads can easily unzips the two strands

8
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What two enzymes are involved in DNA replication?

  • DNA helicase

  • DNA polymerase

9
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Why is DNA replication semi-conservative?

Because one strand is from the original DNA molecule and the other is newly synthesised

10
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Describe DNA replication

  • DNA helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between complementary bases causing the unzipping of the double helix

  • Free DNA nucleotides are attracted to the exposed bases on the template strands due to complementary base pairing

  • DNA polymerase joins adjacent nucleotides via a condensation reaction forming a phosphodiester bond