Cryptocurrency quiz 1 slides part 2

Nixon Shock (1971)

End of the Bretton Woods system; President Nixon suspended dollar convertibility to gold, leading to pure fiat currency and accelerated inflation/debt growth (shown in debt clock extension slides).

Mike Maloney – Hidden Secrets of Money

Recommended ~2-hour video series (first 4 episodes) explaining history of money, banking, debt cycles, and why gold/silver historically served as sound money.

Social Impact Score

Example of programmable money risk; hypothetical future where government or institutions score citizens’ behavior and restrict access to funds/services (raised in “What world do you want?” slide).

Programmable Money

Digital currency (especially CBDCs) that can have rules embedded — e.g., expire, restrict what/where it can be spent, or tie to compliance/behavior scores.

eToro Contest – $100K

Virtual trading competition with $100,000 simulated portfolio; students update weekly value in Google Sheet and submit PowerPoint screenshots near term end.

Chokepoint 2.0

Alleged coordinated effort by regulators/banks to de-bank or restrict services to crypto companies (mentioned in questions about crypto industry hostility).

Terra-Luna Collapse

2022 algorithmic stablecoin failure; UST de-pegged, LUNA hyperinflated to near-zero, wiped out ~$40B+ in value (example of crypto risks/hype).

FTX / Sam Bankman-Fried

2022 crypto exchange collapse due to fraud/mismanagement; SBF convicted; highlighted centralized exchange risks vs. decentralized alternatives.

Ripple Lawsuit

SEC vs. Ripple (XRP); centered on whether XRP is a security under Howey Test; long-running case questioning crypto classification.

Yield Farming

DeFi practice of staking/liquidity providing in protocols to earn high APY rewards, often compounded across multiple platforms.

Staking

Locking cryptocurrency in a proof-of-stake network to support validation and earn rewards (vs. mining in proof-of-work).

Smart Cities

Urban areas using IoT, 5G, AI, and data analytics for efficient services (transport, energy, safety); tied to FinTech via payment/insurance innovations.

Crowdfunding

FinTech method of raising funds from many small investors online; discussed in early FinTech slides as part of innovation wave.

White Labeling

FinTech companies offering branded banking/payment products using another company’s backend infrastructure via APIs (enabled by BaaS).

Virtual Traffic Flow Control

Example of monetizing value: pay drivers to adjust speed/route to reduce congestion (slides on “How do we monetize value?”).

Chicken Transport Company (CTC) Salary Average Puzzle

Group computation example showing secure multi-party average calculation without revealing individual salaries — illustrates zero-knowledge / privacy concepts.

Value at Risk (VaR)

Metric estimating potential loss in value of a portfolio over a defined period for a given confidence interval (shown in risk slides).

Risk Pooling

Spreading risk across many participants so individual losses are manageable; used in insurance and illustrated in project duration Excel example.

Telematics

Technology (e.g., vehicle sensors) collecting real-time driving data to adjust insurance premiums based on actual behavior.

Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT)

Architecture behind models like ChatGPT; uses large-scale pre-training then fine-tuning for text generation (explained in GenAI slides).

Context Window

Maximum amount of text (tokens) a large language model can consider at once when generating a response (key limitation in early models).

Tokens (in GenAI)

Small units (words/subwords) that text is broken into for processing by transformer models; different from parameters.

Cold Start Problem

In recommendation systems/AI: difficulty making accurate suggestions for new users or items with little/no historical data.

Robotic Wealth Management

Automated, algorithm-driven investment advice and portfolio management (low-cost alternative to human advisors; mentioned in enablers slides).