IFR checkride 2.0

What requirements do you need to get your instrument license

At least 50 xc PIC hours

Minimum of 40 hours of actual or simulated instrument

Minimum of 15 hours with cfii

1 xc flight of 250 nm

3 instrument hours in last 60 days

What is density altitude

Pressure altitude adjusted for non standard temperature showing how thin the air is for performance

What is pressure altitude

Height above standard datum plane

Pressure altitude equation

(29.92 - current altimeter setting) x 1000 + Field elevation

91.205 instrument and equipment requirements

ATOMATOFLAMES + FLAPS, GRABCARDS

Airspeed indicator, tachometer, oil pressure gauge, manifold pressure gauge, altimeter, temperature gauge, oil temp gauge, fuel gauge, landing gear indicator, anti collision lights, magnetic compass, ELT, safety belts, fuses, landing lights, anti collision lights, position lights, source of power.

Generator/Alternator, rate of turn coordinator, altimeter, ball/inclinometer, clock, attitude indicator, radios and nav, directional gyro (heading indicator)

Currency requirements for instrument flying

in PRECEEDING 6 months, must have 6 approach’s with holds intercepting, tracking, navigational systems

What happens if you dont become current after 7 month period

You have an additional 6 months to become current with 66 HITS with a safety pilot

Safety pilot regulations

Current and valid medical, have PPL with same category and class, must be able to see outside

What happens if you do not become current after that additional 6 month grace period

Must do an instrument proficiency check with a qualified instructor, DPE, or FAA authorized person

Where is the archers KOEL

In the POH for the G1000 section 2, limitations

Can we fly with MFD inop

For instrument flying no

When to file a flight plan and what are the time restrictions

Recommended to file 30 minutes before flight and have 2 hours before it becomes erased to become activated

How to file a flight plan

ForeFlight, 1800 wx brief, skyvector, FSS, approach

IFR cruising altitudes 91.179 below 18,000 ft msl

0-179 magnetic = odd thousand feet

180 - 359 magnetic = even thousand feet

What to look for picking alternates

Instrument approach options, services like hotels, fuel, rental car

What to do in icing conditions

Climb or descend

What happens if we lost glideslope for ILS

Shoot ILS down to LOC minimums

91.l75 C

Aircraft is in a contious position to land using normal flight maneuvers

Required flight visibility for the approach being flown

Except for category 2 and 3 aircraft, at least 1 of the following references be distinctly visible to the pilot

Approach lighting system (can’t descend below 100 ft unless red sidebars are visible)

The threshold, threshold markings, threshold lights, runway end identifier lights, visual glideslope indicator, touchdown zone or touchdown zone markings, touchdown zone lights, runway or runway markings, runway lights.

Clear ice hazards and what to expect when encountered

Heavier than rime, hard to see, increase drag more than rime

Rime ice hazards and what to expect when encountered

Lighter weight than clear, rough looking and milky white (easier to spot), disrupts airflow

When is 100 hour inspection needed

Only for hire carrying passengers for compensation or flight instruction

IMSAFE

Illness, medication, stress, alcohol, fatigue, emotion

Where is icing most likely to occur

Leading edges of wings and tail surfaces, engine inlets, antennas, and instruments

What are some things that you will see if you get instrument icing

Erratic instrument readings, unreliable airspeed and altimeter

Associated hazards with thunderstorms

Wind shear, lightning, turbulence

Onboard tools to look and avoid weather

G1000 NEXRAD radar, not something completely go off but can use it to see other airport METARS too

What happens if flying an LPV approach and lose vertical guidance

Turn it into an LNAV approach and use the step downs

Visual illusions

BFGHRR

Black hole

Fog

Ground lighting

Haze

Refraction

Runway width and length

What illusion is black hole

Pitch black outside environment with only a distant light

What sort of illusions does fog do

Tricks pilots into thinking they are higher or further away than they are as well as a pitching up attitude

What sort of illusions does ground lighting do

Creates illusions making runways seem closer than they are and making the horizon blend with the lights

What sort of illusions does haze do

Makes objects appear farther and higher than they are

What illusion does refraction do

Rain on windscreen makes horizon look lower than they are flying a lower approach

When is an instrument rating required

When acting as PIC under IFR or in weather conditions less than prescribed for VFR

When carrying passengers for compensation or hire on cross country flights in excess of 50 nm or at night

For flight in class A airspace

For special VFR between sunset and sunrise

What is marginal VFR

1-3,000 ft ceilings and 3-5 sm visibility

What is defined as IFR

Less than 1,000 ft ceilings and 1-3 sm visibility

What is defined as low IFR (LIFR)

Less than 500 ft ceilings and less than 1 sm visibility

What are our take off minimums and why shouldn’t we do it

0-0, we become a liability

What is considered VFR conditions

Ceiling higher than 3,000 ft and greater than 5 sm visibility

What is special vfr

1 sm visibility and clear of clouds

During an IPC check what happens

Become current again with 6 HITS, not pass/fail but chance to relearn and practice instrument flying to get current

When can you log an approach if you are in IMC

Breaking out of IMC from FAF to minimums (must pass FAF in IMC)

Procedures if you get wind shear on short final

Full power, Vx, clean, climb

UA vs UUA PIREP meaning

Routine vs Urgent

When can you log night instrument approaches

1 hour after sunset and 1 hour before sunrise to carry passengers

Lost comms prior to initial approach fix

Proceed to the fix specified last in your clearance, if being vectored, fly right to IAF

Lost comms with no EFC time

Depart fix at ETA, fly approach as filed

When can you log “night” flying

End of civil twilight

Why would someone want to fly special VFR between sunset and sunrise

Avoid IFR clearance, to fly VFR

Thunderstorm formation process

Moisture, unstable air, and lifting

What does ODP always have to be in

Textual format

What frequency does ILS operate at

90 and 150 Hz

How does WAAS work

Uses ground based navigation stations, satellites and a geostationary satellite to correct real time adjustments to enhance accuracY

How does RAIM work

Detects faulty GPS measurements using the receivers own calculations

What to do if you need to delay departure after filing flight plan

Amend the flight plan

With the G1000, what approaches can we shoot and what are the differences between them

LPV, LNAV/VNAV, LNAV, LP, ILS, LOC, VOR

What could go wrong with filing direct to a destination

Long unpredictable flight plan

What is minimum operational network (MON)?

Backup navigational system using VOR’s

What are marker beacons

75 MHz radio transmitters to provide certain fixes along an ILS approach

What happens if ram/pitot tube is blocked

Airspeed acts as a non calibrated altimeter

What happens if the static port is blocked?

Airspeed indicator will move opposite of your altitude, altimeter will freeze, VSI will bleed to 0

What happens if alt air is in use? airspeed reads high, altitude reads high, VSI shows momentary climb

Airspeed and altimeter will read high, VSI will show a momentary climb

What is considered the protected area of a hold

The side opposite of the fix being held around

What is special use airspace and what does it look like?

Used for military or hazardous operations where flight activities are restricted for safety