Chapter 11 Medical Terminology

Peripheral Nervous System

Special Sense Organs

Eyes, ears, mouth, nose, skin (touch)

Blepharoptosis or Ptosis

drooping eyelid

Cataracts

lens becomes cloudy, can lead to blindness; treated by replacing damaged lens with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL)

Glaucoma

increased pressure in eye (intraocular pressure); treated with eyedrops, oral meds, or surgery

Astigmatism

cannot focus on image due to distortions of the curvature of lens or cornea

Myopia

nearsightedness

Hyperopia

farsightedness

Amblyopia

lazy eye, reduced vision in one eye

Photophobia

Sensitivity of eyes to the light

Blepharitis

inflammation of eyelid

Macular degeneration (MD)

Degeneration of the retina, resulting in a large black spot in the vision or blindness

Basic Ear Anatomy

Sound → auditory canal → eardrum → ossicles → cochlea → nerves → brain

Audiologist

One who studies hearing loss and balance disorders

Anotia

congenital absence of one or both ears

Otosclerosis

hardening of the auditory ossicles → decreased vibration transmission → hearing loss

Tinnitus

ear noise, "ringing of the ears"

Vertigo

dizziness, caused by an inner ear problem

Olfaction

Process of smelling

-osmia

the sense of smell

Hyperosmia

increased sensitivity ot odors

Anosmia

Destruction of olfactory nerve, leads to loss of smell

chrom(o)

color

corne(o)

cornea

kerat(o)

cornea

dacry(o)

tear

lacrim(o)

tear

ocul(o)

eye

opthalm(o)

eye

opt(o)

vision

optic(o)

vision

presby(o)

old / old age

retin(o)

retina

-opia

visual disorder

acoust(o)

hearing

audi(o)

hearing

aur(o)

ear

auricul(o)

ear

ot(o)

ear

cerumin(o)

ear wax

myring(o)

eardrum

tympan(o)

eardrum

-ory

pertaining to

-metry

process of measuring

-meter

instrument used to measure

dB

decibel

IOL

intraocular lens

MD

macular degeneration

VF

visual fields