spermato and oogenesis practical

homologous chromosomes

genes that code for the same trait

mitosis- 2

zygote divides by this process

produces 2 diploid daughter cells

gametogenesis- 2

process of gamete formation

involves division via meiosis

meisosis - 2

reduces the # of chromosomes by half

diploid → haploid

spermatogenesis- 2

begins at puberty and continues thru life

process of gametogenesis in males

spermatogonia - 2

primitive male stem cells

under the influence of FSH, it produces 1 spermatogonium (type A daughter cell) and 1 primary spermatocyte (type B cell that undergoes meiosis)

spermatids - 3

haploid cells

product of meiosis i

not functional gametes

spermiogenesis - 2

strips away extraneous cytoplasm from spermatid

makes it motile sperm

pre-granulosa

one layer of cells is present

granulosa

when more than 1 cell layer is present

oogonia - 3

primitive stem cells

during fetal development undergoes mitosis sooo many times

then they become encased in a primordial follicle

before birth: oogenesis - 3

oogonia divides millions of times via mitosis

primordial follicle

primary oocyte arrested in meiosis 1

life to menopause: oogenesis - 2

Primary oocytes grow (still arrested)

primordial follicle becomes primary then secondary (coontainined arrested primary oocytes)

puberty-menopause PRE ovulation: oogenesis - 2

primary oocyte has spindle and completes meiosis 1 becomes 1rst polar body and seconday oocyte (arrested in metaphase II)

meisos i completes in a vesicular follicle before ovulation

puberty → menopause POST OVULATION: oogenesis - 3

non fertilized: possible meiosis 2 of polar bodies

fertilized: secondary oocyte completes meiosis II and becomes an ovum and second polar body

vesicular follicle ovulates secondary oocyte and develops corpus luteum

FSH - 3

stimulates the thickening of the follicle

during follicular page pre ovulation

estrogen inhibits it

estrogen - 3

released from follicle

inhibits FSH

stimulates LH

LH

stimulates ovulation

corpus luteum

releases progesterone and estrogen

uterine cycle - 5

hormonally controlled by estrogens and progesterone

divided into 3 stages:

• menstrual

• proliferative

• secretory

menstruation - 2

corpus luteum begins to deteriorate, so hormones drop

A lack of hormones causes vessels to kink and become spastic, setting it up to shed

synapsis

homologous chromosomes that pari up and form 4 groups of chromatids called tetrads

vesicular follicle

hormone dependent

primary and secondary follicles

not hormone dependent and develop in waves

3 pahses of uterine cycle: menstrual

functional layer of endometrium is shed

3 phases of uterine cycle: proliferative

functional layer of the endometrium is rebuilt

3 phases of uterine cycle: secretory - 2

begins immediately ovulation

enrichment of blood supply and nutrients prepare endometrium to receive embryo