Education methodologies

small group discussion advantages

actively involves participants, stimulates peer learning, facilitates exchange of knowledge, promotes critical thinking, develops teamwork and communication

small group discussion disadvantages

- Can potentially degenerate into off-task or social conversations - - Can be a challenge to ensure participation by all

- Can be time consuming

Demonstration Advantages

- Helps people who learn well by modeling others

- Promotes self-confidence

- Provides opportunity for targeted questions and answers

- Allows attention to be focused on specific details rather than general theories

Demonstration Disadvantages

-Requires certain equipment and supplies

-Leader must be skilled in performing the task

-Can be difficult for larger groups to see

Large Group Discussion Advantages

-Increases learner involvement

-Provides learner with immediate feedback

-Guides learners to higher levels of thinking

-Helps students identify and build on pre-existing knowledge

Large Group Discussion Disadvantages

-Time-consuming

-Relies on learner participation

-Dominant few controlling the floor

-Cannot ensure full participation

Lecture Advantages

-Good for providing new info and clarifying existing info

-Useful for covering underlying concepts, principles, and systems

-Can set the stage and lay necessary groundwork and parameters for subsequent activity

Lecture Disadvantages

-Promoting learning is solely on the instructor

-Establishes a "tell-me" mindset

-Leads to learner overload

-Boredom

One-to-One Precepting Advantages

-Involves learner in natural work environment

-Individual approach

-Opportunity for role-modeling

-Provides practive to build skills

One-to-One Precepting Disadvantages

-Relies heavily on the preceptor being an effective role-model

-Time consuming

-Personal conflicts can arise

Role-Modeling Advantages

-Subtle but powerful learning

-High learner interest

-Doesn't require additional planning

Role-Modeling Disadvantages

-Learner identifying with the role model

-Bad behaviors can be presented by the model

student learning outcomes

specify what a student will know or be able to do at the end of the program of study

program goals

broad strokes that describe fundamental ascpects that the program wishes to produce

course goals

target the purpose of the instructional unit and provide the foundation for measurable objectives

competencies

characteristics of individuals that are necessary for successful performance, with behavioral indicators associated with high performance

objectives

specific, measurable, short-term expectations

allows the assessor to pinpooint learning strengths and weaknesses

cognitive objective

thinking, intellectual abilities

psychomotor objective

basic motor skills, coordination, and physical movement

affective objective

a learner's emotion towards learning

goal vs objective

goals are foundations for measurable objectives

objectives are what the learner should know by the end

remembering

recalling fundamental facts, terms, basic concepts, and answers about the selection

understanding

understanding of ideas and facts by organizing, comparing, translating, interpreting, giving descriptors, or stating main ideas

applying

solves problems in new situations by applying acquired knowldge, facts, techniques, and rules in a different or new way

analyzing

examines and breaks information into parts by identifying motives or causes, makes inferences and finds evidence to support generalization

evaluating

presents and defends opinions by making judgements about information, validity of ideas, or quality of work based on a set of criteria

creating

compiles information together in a different way by combining elements in a new pattern or proposing alternative solutions

what makes writting affective objectives difficult

vagueness of terminology

the need to infer covert behavior from observed actions

various ways affective objectives are classified